Prevalencia de EPOC y tabaquismo en España: un estudio ecológico por comunidades autónomas, 2023

IF 1.7 4区医学 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Revista clinica espanola Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-11 DOI:10.1016/j.rce.2026.502524

F.M. Escandell Rico , L. Pérez Fernández

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

To analyze the reported prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and daily tobacco use in the adult population of Spain during 2023, considering differences by sex and autonomous community. As a secondary objective, the ecological association between both indicators was explored at the regional level, without assuming individual-level causal relationships.

Methods

A cross-sectional ecological analytical study was conducted using aggregated data at the autonomous community level. The reported prevalence of COPD was obtained from the Primary Care Clinical Database, while the prevalence of smoking was obtained from the Spanish National Health Survey and the European Health Survey. Seventeen autonomous communities were analyzed, stratified by sex. Means, ranges, and standard deviations were calculated, and the relationship between both indicators was evaluated using correlational analyses (Pearson and Spearman) and simple linear regression models.

Results

The reported prevalence of COPD was 3.56% at the national level, with a higher prevalence in men (4.75%) than in women (2.47%). The prevalence of daily tobacco use was 16.64%, with a male predominance (20.22%). A positive relationship was observed between smoking and recorded COPD, more pronounced in men (r = 0.52; P = .03) than in women (r = 0.33; P = .17).

Conclusions

Although the prevalence of smoking has decreased, territorial and gender inequalities persist in the distribution of COPD and smoking. It is recommended to strengthen tobacco prevention programs, improve early detection of COPD, and consider regional differences to guide evidence-based health policies.

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西班牙慢性阻塞性肺病和吸烟流行情况：各自治区的生态研究，2023年

目的分析2023年西班牙成人慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患病率和每日烟草使用情况，并考虑性别和自治区的差异。作为次要目标，这两个指标之间的生态关联在区域层面上进行了探索，而没有假设个人层面的因果关系。方法采用综合数据，在自治区层面进行横断面生态分析研究。报告的COPD患病率来自初级保健临床数据库，而吸烟患病率来自西班牙国家健康调查和欧洲健康调查。对17个自治区进行了分析，按性别分层。计算平均值、极差和标准差，并使用相关分析（Pearson和Spearman）和简单线性回归模型评估这两个指标之间的关系。结果全国COPD报告患病率为3.56%，其中男性（4.75%）高于女性（2.47%）。每日吸烟流行率为16.64%，男性占多数（20.22%）。吸烟与COPD之间存在正相关，男性（r = 0.52; P = .03）比女性（r = 0.33; P = .17）更为明显。结论虽然吸烟的患病率有所下降，但COPD和吸烟的分布仍然存在地域和性别不平等。建议加强烟草预防规划，改善慢性阻塞性肺病的早期发现，并考虑地区差异来指导循证卫生政策。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Revista clinica espanola 医学-医学：内科

CiteScore

4.40

自引率

6.90%

发文量

审稿时长

28 days

期刊介绍： Revista Clínica Española published its first issue in 1940 and is the body of expression of the Spanish Society of Internal Medicine (SEMI). The journal fully endorses the goals of updating knowledge and facilitating the acquisition of key developments in internal medicine applied to clinical practice. Revista Clínica Española is subject to a thorough double blind review of the received articles written in Spanish or English. Nine issues are published each year, including mostly originals, reviews and consensus documents.