Unknotting the Role of circRNAs and IGF2BP3 in Alzheimer's Disease.

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurological ailment that is associated with memory loss, confusion, and mood disturbances. Genetic, molecular, and cellular factors, including oxidative stress, inflammation, neurotransmitter alterations, and amyloid β (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), are associated with the disease. These can be associated with protein and DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, energy shortages, inflammation, and hippocampal neuron death. Circular non-coding RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed and essential to many physiological and pathological processes. CircRNA may be a molecular modulator of neurodegeneration, as it may influence protein transcription and interaction with essential RNA-binding proteins (RBP) in the cortical and hippocampal regions, particularly in photoreceptor neurons and white matter.Insulin-like Growth Factor 2 mRNA-Binding Protein 3. (IGF2BP3), which belongs totheinsulin-like growth factor 2 encoded mRNA-binding protein family, affects neuronal differentiation, synaptic plasticity, translation, localization, mRNA stability, and neurogenesis. Research indicates that IGF2BP3 has been reported to modulate neuron survival and function genes, as well as BACE1 translation, which creates Aβ. AD has a complex etiology; thus, understanding its molecular processes is crucial. Investigating circRNAs and IGF2BP3 activities may reveal new disease are associated with and therapy options. This review explores the emerging roles ofcircRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets inmanagingAD.