Factors associated with and patterns of alcohol intake in late survivorship for breast cancer survivors.

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate alcohol intake trends and identify demographic, clinical, lifestyle, and socioeconomic factors associated with alcohol consumption in late survivorship among breast cancer survivors.

Methods: Individuals diagnosed with stage 0-3 breast cancer enrolled in the Mayo Clinic Breast Disease registry between 2014 and 2022 reported their average weekly alcohol intake at baseline (time of diagnosis) and at approximately 4 years post-diagnosis. Alcohol intake was divided into four categories, and cross-sectional associations with demographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors were examined using Monte Carlo-based Fisher exact tests and multivariable multinomial logistic regression. Changes in alcohol consumption from baseline to Year 4 were evaluated using Bowker's test of symmetry and multinomial models.

Results: Among 719 participants, alcohol intake 4 years post-diagnosis closely resembled baseline patterns, with 30.2% of patients reporting no alcohol use and 48.8% of patients consuming 1-4 drinks per week. Younger age and current smoking status were strongly associated with higher intake at Year 4. Exercise and better physical health were associated with higher alcohol intake in univariable models; however, they were not in adjusted models. From time of diagnosis to Year 4, 15.6% of patients decreased their alcohol intake, 10.2% increased their alcohol intake, and 74.3% reported no change. Higher levels of mild-intensity exercise were associated with an elevation in alcohol intake over time.

Conclusion: Alcohol consumption in late survivorship was similar to that at the time of diagnosis, after an initial decline in this cohort during early survivorship. Younger age and smoking were associated with greater Year 4 alcohol intake.