{"title":"Methods for the detection of canonical markers of apoptosis, necroptosis and pyroptosis.","authors":"Yuanxin Yang, Daichao Xu","doi":"10.1016/bs.mcb.2026.01.014","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Programmed cell death (PCD) represents an essential biological mechanism for preserving tissue homeostasis and removing compromised cells. The most extensively characterized forms of programmed cell death - apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis - are each initiated through unique signaling mechanisms, encompassing TNF-TNFR1 signaling, Toll-like receptor activation, interferon-mediated responses, along with both the canonical NLRP3-GSDMD and non-canonical Caspase-11-GSDMD pyroptotic pathways. In this protocol, we systematically review combinatorial pharmacological strategies employing small-molecule drugs and cognate ligands to selectively induce specific PCD modalities, with parallel discussion of established detection platforms for monitoring cell death progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":18437,"journal":{"name":"Methods in cell biology","volume":"205 ","pages":"171-187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Methods in cell biology","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.mcb.2026.01.014","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2026/1/28 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) represents an essential biological mechanism for preserving tissue homeostasis and removing compromised cells. The most extensively characterized forms of programmed cell death - apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis - are each initiated through unique signaling mechanisms, encompassing TNF-TNFR1 signaling, Toll-like receptor activation, interferon-mediated responses, along with both the canonical NLRP3-GSDMD and non-canonical Caspase-11-GSDMD pyroptotic pathways. In this protocol, we systematically review combinatorial pharmacological strategies employing small-molecule drugs and cognate ligands to selectively induce specific PCD modalities, with parallel discussion of established detection platforms for monitoring cell death progression.
期刊介绍：
For over fifty years, Methods in Cell Biology has helped researchers answer the question "What method should I use to study this cell biology problem?" Edited by leaders in the field, each thematic volume provides proven, state-of-art techniques, along with relevant historical background and theory, to aid researchers in efficient design and effective implementation of experimental methodologies. Over its many years of publication, Methods in Cell Biology has built up a deep library of biological methods to study model developmental organisms, organelles and cell systems, as well as comprehensive coverage of microscopy and other analytical approaches.
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