Concurrent hepatic and pulmonary parasitic cysts due to taenia solium, echinococcus granulosus, and toxocara spp.: A case managed with combined minimally invasive surgery

Abstract

Mixed parasitic infections involving Taenia solium, Echinococcus granulosus, and Toxocara spp. are exceedingly rare, especially when presented with concurrent hepatic and pulmonary cysts. Diagnosis is often challenging due to overlapping clinical and imaging characteristics. We report a 37-year-old woman from rural Vietnam diagnosed with simultaneous infections by three helminths, presenting with a hepatic cyst and a left lower lung lobe cyst. The patient underwent comprehensive clinical, serological, and radiological evaluation, followed by combined laparoscopic hepatic cystectomy and thoracoscopic left lower lobectomy. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged on postoperative day seven with complete recovery. This case highlights the importance of recognizing rare mixed parasitic infections in endemic regions, the role of surgical intervention in preventing complications, and the feasibility of minimally invasive approaches.