Anomalous connection of inferior vena cava to left atrium together with cardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection and persistent left superior vena cava.

Abstract

A term neonate presented on day 1 with severe cyanosis and metabolic acidosis. Echocardiography and computed tomography angiography revealed a cardiac-type total anomalous pulmonary venous connection to the coronary sinus with anomalous inferior vena cava drainage to the left atrium. Despite intensive management, the infant died. This exceptionally rare dual venous anomaly illustrates abnormal incorporation of a venous pole during cardiac embryogenesis.