Magnetically Controlled Slip Flow and Heat Transfer of Immiscible Fluids in Hybrid Porous-Nanofluid Systems

Abstract

The main aim of this study is to analyze the characteristics of immiscible fluids in the presence of velocity slip and Lorentz force within a vertical channel (VC) embedded in semi-porous media. The channel is divided into two distinct regions: region I contains a viscous fluid with Lorentz force, while region II consists of a nanofluid (NF) in a porous medium, each with unique physical properties. The governing equations for this flow are non-linear ordinary differential equations. Using the perturbation approach, analytical formulas for the velocity and temperature profiles are derived up to the first order. The study thoroughly discusses the physical interpretation of various parameters, including porosity, slip, nanomaterials concentration, magnetic and electric loads, heat absorption/generation coefficients, and thermal conductivity ratios, and illustrates their effects on velocity and temperature distributions through graphs. The insights gained from this study can significantly enhance the efficiency of the cooling system in nuclear reactors, improve the design of heat exchangers, and optimize chemical engineering processes. Additionally, the findings can be applied to develop advanced materials for thermal insulation, design more efficient energy systems, and refine industrial processes such as metal casting and polymer extrusion. The study results also hold relevance for environmental engineering applications, including groundwater hydrology and geothermal energy extraction.