Retrospective real-world database study to examine the prevalence and incidence of cardiovascular diseases and medication prescription in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.

IF 1.1 Q4 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Diabetology International Pub Date : 2026-03-17 eCollection Date: 2026-04-01 DOI:10.1007/s13340-026-00877-7

Mitsuhisa Komatsu, Hiroshi Kobayashi, Satoshi Tsuboi, Hirotaka Watada

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Abstract

Introduction: In Japan, real-world characterisation of cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence, incidence, and medication prescription in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been limited.

Methods: This real-world study (comprising a cross-sectional and a retrospective study) in adults aged ≥ 20 years with T2D used the Medical Data Vision database to evaluate the prevalence and incidence of three-point major adverse cardiovascular events (3P-MACE) and composite CVD and to describe medication prescription patterns.

Results: The cross-sectional study included 292,383 patients in 2014 and 622,531 in 2021. Prevalence of 3P-MACE and composite CVD were 4.8% and 12.1%, respectively, in 2014; values in 2021 were 5.0% and 14.0%. In 2014, 2.1% of patients received glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and 0.8% received sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is); 2021 values were 9.2% and 32.3%. The retrospective study included 314,206 patients; 19.7% had a CVD history. The overall incidence rate of 3P-MACE per 1000 person-years was 12.8 (95% confidence interval [CI] 12.6-13.0); 46.6 (45.3-48.0) in those with and 8.6 (8.4-8.8) in those without CVD history. The incidence rates (95% CI) of composite CVD were 47.9 (47.4-48.3); 179.5 (177.0-182.1) in those with and 31.5 (31.1-31.9) in those without CVD history.

Conclusions: In Japan, the prevalence of 3P-MACE and composite CVD were almost unchanged from 2014 to 2021, whereas GLP-1RA/SGLT-2i prescriptions increased. Incidence rates of 3P-MACE and composite CVD were higher in patients with a CVD history. These data provide insights into prescription patterns in T2D in Japan and could inform future treatment practices.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13340-026-00877-7.

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日本2型糖尿病患者心血管疾病患病率和发病率及用药处方的回顾性数据库研究

在日本，成人2型糖尿病（T2D）患者心血管疾病（CVD）患病率、发病率和用药处方的真实世界特征一直受到限制。方法：这项真实世界的研究（包括横断面研究和回顾性研究）在≥20岁的T2D成人中使用医学数据视觉数据库评估三点主要不良心血管事件（3P-MACE）和复合CVD的患病率和发病率，并描述药物处方模式。结果：横断面研究2014年纳入292383例患者，2021年纳入622531例患者。2014年3P-MACE患病率和复合CVD患病率分别为4.8%和12.1%；2021年分别为5.0%和14.0%。2014年，2.1%的患者接受胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂（GLP-1RAs）治疗，0.8%的患者接受钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白-2抑制剂（SGLT-2is）治疗；2021年分别为9.2%和32.3%。回顾性研究包括314206例患者；19.7%有心血管疾病病史。每1000人年3P-MACE的总发病率为12.8(95%可信区间[CI] 12.6-13.0)；有心血管疾病史者为46.6(45.3 ~ 48.0)，无心血管疾病史者为8.6（8.4 ~ 8.8）。复合心血管疾病的发生率（95% CI）为47.9 (47.4-48.3)；有心血管疾病史者为179.5(177.0 ~ 182.1)，无心血管疾病史者为31.5（31.1 ~ 31.9）。结论：在日本，从2014年到2021年，3P-MACE和复合CVD的患病率几乎没有变化，而GLP-1RA/SGLT-2i的处方增加了。有CVD病史的患者3P-MACE和复合CVD的发生率较高。这些数据提供了对日本T2D处方模式的见解，并可以为未来的治疗实践提供信息。补充信息：在线版本包含补充资料，下载地址：10.1007/s13340-026-00877-7。

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来源期刊

Diabetology International ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM-

CiteScore

3.90

自引率

4.50%

发文量

期刊介绍： Diabetology International, the official journal of the Japan Diabetes Society, publishes original research articles about experimental research and clinical studies in diabetes and related areas. The journal also presents editorials, reviews, commentaries, reports of expert committees, and case reports on any aspect of diabetes. Diabetology International welcomes submissions from researchers, clinicians, and health professionals throughout the world who are interested in research, treatment, and care of patients with diabetes. All manuscripts are peer-reviewed to assure that high-quality information in the field of diabetes is made available to readers. Manuscripts are reviewed with due respect for the author''s confidentiality. At the same time, reviewers also have rights to confidentiality, which are respected by the editors. The journal follows a single-blind review procedure, where the reviewers are aware of the names and affiliations of the authors, but the reviewer reports provided to authors are anonymous. Single-blind peer review is the traditional model of peer review that many reviewers are comfortable with, and it facilitates a dispassionate critique of a manuscript.