Multibeam High Throughput Satellite: Hardware Foundation, Resource Allocation, and Precoding

IF 34.4 1区计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS

IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-13 DOI:10.1109/COMST.2026.3673850

Rui Chen;Wen-Xuan Long;Bingqian Wang;Yuan He;Ruijin Sun;Nan Cheng;Gan Zheng;Dusit Niyato

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

With its wide coverage and uninterrupted service, satellite communication is a critical technology for next-generation 6G communications. High throughput satellite (HTS) systems, utilizing multipoint beam and frequency multiplexing techniques, enable satellite communication capacity of up to Tbps to meet the growing traffic demand. Therefore, it is imperative to review the-state-of-the-art of multibeam HTS systems and identify their associated challenges and perspectives. Firstly, we summarize the multibeam HTS hardware foundations, including ground station systems, on-board payloads, and user terminals. Subsequently, we review the flexible on-board radio resource allocation approaches of bandwidth, power, time slot, and joint allocation schemes of HTS systems to optimize resource utilization and cater to non-uniform service demand. Additionally, we survey multibeam precoding methods for the HTS system to achieve full-frequency reuse and interference cancellation, which are classified according to different deployments such as single gateway precoding, multiple gateway precoding, on-board precoding, and hybrid on-board/on-ground precoding. Finally, we discuss the challenges related to Q/V band link outage, time and frequency synchronization of gateways, the accuracy of channel state information (CSI), payload light-weight development, and the application of deep learning (DL). Research on these topics will contribute to enhancing the performance of HTS systems and finally delivering high-speed data to areas underserved by terrestrial networks.

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多波束高通量卫星：硬件基础、资源分配和预编码

卫星通信具有广泛的覆盖范围和不间断的服务，是下一代6G通信的关键技术。高通量卫星（HTS）系统利用多点波束和频率复用技术，使卫星通信容量达到Tbps，以满足日益增长的业务需求。因此，有必要回顾多波束高温超导系统的最新技术，并确定其相关的挑战和前景。首先，总结了多波束高温超导的硬件基础，包括地面站系统、星载和用户终端。在此基础上，研究了HTS系统的带宽、功率、时隙和联合分配方案等灵活的星载无线电资源分配方法，以优化资源利用，满足非均匀业务需求。此外，我们还研究了用于HTS系统实现全频率复用和干扰消除的多波束预编码方法，并根据不同的部署进行了分类，如单网关预编码、多网关预编码、星载预编码和星载/地混合预编码。最后，我们讨论了与Q/V波段链路中断、网关的时间和频率同步、信道状态信息（CSI）的准确性、有效载荷轻量级开发以及深度学习（DL）应用相关的挑战。对这些主题的研究将有助于提高HTS系统的性能，并最终向地面网络服务不足的地区提供高速数据。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS-TELECOMMUNICATIONS

CiteScore

80.20

自引率

2.50%

发文量

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials is an online journal published by the IEEE Communications Society for tutorials and surveys covering all aspects of the communications field. Telecommunications technology is progressing at a rapid pace, and the IEEE Communications Society is committed to providing researchers and other professionals the information and tools to stay abreast. IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials focuses on integrating and adding understanding to the existing literature on communications, putting results in context. Whether searching for in-depth information about a familiar area or an introduction into a new area, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials aims to be the premier source of peer-reviewed, comprehensive tutorials and surveys, and pointers to further sources. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials publishes only articles exclusively written for IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials and go through a rigorous review process before their publication in the quarterly issues. A tutorial article in the IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials should be designed to help the reader to become familiar with and learn something specific about a chosen topic. In contrast, the term survey, as applied here, is defined to mean a survey of the literature. A survey article in IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials should provide a comprehensive review of developments in a selected area, covering its development from its inception to its current state and beyond, and illustrating its development through liberal citations from the literature. Both tutorials and surveys should be tutorial in nature and should be written in a style comprehensible to readers outside the specialty of the article.