Reconfigurable Antennas for Next-Generation Mobile Communication Networks: A Comprehensive Survey and Tutorial

IF 34.4 1区计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS

IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-13 DOI:10.1109/COMST.2026.3673688

Yizhe Zhao;Long Zhang;Halvin Yang;Kun Yang;Rui Zhang;Lingyang Song;Yuanwei Liu

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Abstract

The transition to next-generation mobile communication networks, particularly 6G, demands advanced technologies to meet the requirements for ultra-reliable, low-latency communication, massive connectivity, and intelligent applications. Reconfigurable antennas (RAs) play a crucial role in achieving these objectives by enabling dynamic adjustments to the radio frequency (RF) characteristics of antennas, such as gain, radiation pattern, impedance, and polarization. Unlike traditional fixed-position antennas, RAs can alter both their radiation patterns and positions, offering flexibility in response to varying communication environments. This paper presents a comprehensive survey and tutorial on RAs, with a focus on fluid antennas (FAs), movable antennas (MAs), pinching antennas (PAs), and reconfigurable holographic antennas (RHAs), examining their potential in next-generation mobile networks. We explore the channel modelling and estimation, performance analysis, resource allocation strategies, and their synergy with other emerging wireless technologies for each type of RA. Finally, we provide a comparative analysis of different RAs and discuss the open challenges and future research directions, offering insights and guidance for future investigations in the exciting research area.

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用于下一代移动通信网络的可重构天线：综合调查和教程

向下一代移动通信网络，特别是6G的过渡，需要先进的技术来满足超可靠、低延迟通信、海量连接和智能应用的需求。可重构天线（RAs）通过动态调整天线的射频（RF）特性（如增益、辐射方向图、阻抗和极化），在实现这些目标方面发挥着至关重要的作用。与传统的固定位置天线不同，RAs可以改变其辐射模式和位置，从而灵活地响应不同的通信环境。本文介绍了RAs的全面调查和教程，重点介绍了流体天线（FAs）、可移动天线（MAs）、捏紧天线（PAs）和可重构全息天线（RHAs），并研究了它们在下一代移动网络中的潜力。我们探讨了每种类型RA的信道建模和估计、性能分析、资源分配策略以及它们与其他新兴无线技术的协同作用。最后，我们对不同的RAs进行了比较分析，并讨论了开放的挑战和未来的研究方向，为未来的研究提供了见解和指导。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS-TELECOMMUNICATIONS

CiteScore

80.20

自引率

2.50%

发文量

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials is an online journal published by the IEEE Communications Society for tutorials and surveys covering all aspects of the communications field. Telecommunications technology is progressing at a rapid pace, and the IEEE Communications Society is committed to providing researchers and other professionals the information and tools to stay abreast. IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials focuses on integrating and adding understanding to the existing literature on communications, putting results in context. Whether searching for in-depth information about a familiar area or an introduction into a new area, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials aims to be the premier source of peer-reviewed, comprehensive tutorials and surveys, and pointers to further sources. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials publishes only articles exclusively written for IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials and go through a rigorous review process before their publication in the quarterly issues. A tutorial article in the IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials should be designed to help the reader to become familiar with and learn something specific about a chosen topic. In contrast, the term survey, as applied here, is defined to mean a survey of the literature. A survey article in IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials should provide a comprehensive review of developments in a selected area, covering its development from its inception to its current state and beyond, and illustrating its development through liberal citations from the literature. Both tutorials and surveys should be tutorial in nature and should be written in a style comprehensible to readers outside the specialty of the article.