Current Concepts and Treatment Options in the Management of Fibromyalgia.

Abstract

Fibromyalgia syndrome is a complex chronic pain syndrome associated with a broad constellation of symptoms, associated disorders, and possible risk factors. Although the pathophysiology of fibromyalgia remains unclear, there is promising research investigating neuroimaging, genetic and epigenetic markers, psychological alterations, and gut microbiome associations. Diagnostic criteria have evolved with time to better identify patients with fibromyalgia and differentiate the syndrome from other conditions. In this regard, diagnosis and treatment of the syndrome continue to present considerable challenges to clinicians related to the complexity, non-specific symptomology, and necessity of a multidisciplinary approach. The present investigation reviews the epidemiology, pathophysiology, presentation, and treatment options of fibromyalgia syndrome.