Protracted evolution of crustal-derived carbonatites in high-grade metamorphic terranes

IF 3 2区地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology Pub Date : 2026-03-11 DOI:10.1007/s00410-025-02286-6

Shi-Ying Wang, P. L. Dharmapriya, Tian-Yi Li, Jing Wang, Sanjeewa P. K. Malaviarachchi, Ben-Xun Su

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Abstract

Crustal-derived carbonatites are increasingly recognized, yet their evolutionary history remains inadequately constrained. This study integrates U–Pb geochronology of multiple minerals with element compositions and C–O isotope analyses to elucidate the temporal evolution of the Balangoda carbonatites, a recently confirmed crustal-derived body in the Highland Complex, Sri Lanka. The carbonatites, intruding high-grade metamorphic gneisses, dominate in calcite with variable amounts of phlogopite, apatite, dolomite, clinopyroxene, olivine, and spinel, and occur as coarse-grained and pegmatitic types. Calcite from both types exhibits similar δ¹³C values (–1.83‰ to 0.41‰) and a broader δ¹⁸O range (17.22‰ to 22.86‰) compared to Sri Lankan marbles, indicating a metamorphic carbonate protolith. In pegmatitic carbonatites, systematic decreases in δ¹⁸O and mineral inclusion abundance from blue and white to yellow calcite indicate evolving fluid conditions during protracted magma evolution. Concordia U–Pb ages of zircon (522.8 ± 9.6 Ma) and calcite (524 ± 29 Ma) in sample 23C-BC, along with a weighted mean ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb titanite age (548 ± 12 Ma), constrain the timing of crystallization. Whereas, the younger apatite age (487.4 ± 8.5 Ma) from the same sample records a protracted cooling history. Additional calcite ages (~ 525 Ma) and consistent apatite ages (521.9 ± 8.4 Ma; 515.8 ± 9.8 Ma) corroborate this extended magmatic evolution. These multi-mineral ages are consistent with the regional high-grade metamorphism (660–500 Ma) followed by protracted cooling to ~ 480 Ma in the Highland Complex. This supports a model of carbonatite magma genesis through anatexis of dolomitic marbles under prolonged high-temperature metamorphism, with antiskarn processes removing dolomitic components. The Balangoda carbonatites, in conjunction with global occurrences, exemplify that long-lived generation and evolution are typical of crustal-derived carbonatites, linked closely to regional metamorphic events.

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高变质地体中地壳源碳酸盐的长期演化

地壳起源的碳酸盐岩越来越被人们所认识，但它们的进化史仍然没有得到充分的限制。本研究将多种矿物的U-Pb年代学与元素组成和C-O同位素分析相结合，阐明了最近在斯里兰卡高地杂岩中确认的地壳衍生体Balangoda碳酸盐岩的时间演化。碳酸盐，侵入高变质片麻岩，以方解石为主，有不同数量的云母、磷灰石、白云石、斜辉石、橄榄石和尖晶石，并以粗粒和伟晶岩类型出现。与斯里兰卡大理岩相比，两种类型方解石的δ13C值相近（-1.83‰~ 0.41‰），δ18O值范围较宽（17.22‰~ 22.86‰），为变质碳酸盐岩原岩。在辉晶碳酸盐中，δ18O和矿物包裹体丰度从蓝白色方解石到黄色方解石的系统性降低表明岩浆在漫长的演化过程中流体条件不断演化。23C-BC样品中锆石（522.8±9.6 Ma）和方解石（524±29 Ma）的Concordia U-Pb年龄以及钛矿（207Pb/206Pb）加权平均年龄（548±12 Ma）限制了结晶时间。而同一样品较年轻的磷灰石年龄（487.4±8.5 Ma）则记录了一个漫长的冷却历史。额外的方解石年龄（~ 525 Ma）和一致的磷灰石年龄（521.9±8.4 Ma; 515.8±9.8 Ma）证实了这一扩展的岩浆演化。这些多矿物年龄与高原杂岩区域高变质作用（660 ~ 500 Ma）后的长时间冷却至~ 480 Ma相一致。这支持了一种碳酸盐岩岩浆成因模式，即白云岩大理岩在长时间高温变质作用下的深熔作用，反夕卡岩作用去除白云岩成分。Balangoda碳酸盐岩结合全球产状，证明了地壳源性碳酸盐岩的长期生成和演化与区域变质事件密切相关。

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来源期刊

Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 地学-地球化学与地球物理

CiteScore

6.50

自引率

5.70%

发文量

审稿时长

1.7 months

期刊介绍： Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology is an international journal that accepts high quality research papers in the fields of igneous and metamorphic petrology, geochemistry and mineralogy. Topics of interest include: major element, trace element and isotope geochemistry, geochronology, experimental petrology, igneous and metamorphic petrology, mineralogy, major and trace element mineral chemistry and thermodynamic modeling of petrologic and geochemical processes.