An engineering approach to enhance combustion process and energy of boron for applications in solid propellant

IF 6.2 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Combustion and Flame Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-01 DOI:10.1016/j.combustflame.2026.114898

Xin-xing Zeng , Jing-an Xiang , Xing-quan Zhang , Hai-fu Wang , Jun Wang

{"title":"An engineering approach to enhance combustion process and energy of boron for applications in solid propellant","authors":"Xin-xing Zeng , Jing-an Xiang , Xing-quan Zhang , Hai-fu Wang , Jun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.combustflame.2026.114898","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Boron (B) fuel has great potential in solid propellant owing to its high oxidation reaction heat. Unfortunately, low combustion efficiency and energy release rate result from the inert oxide layer (B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) and combustion production aggregation. Herein, fluorine and oxygen were integrated to microparticle of B@PTFE-AP containing core-shell B@PTFE with different PTFE contents. The excellent performance originates from oxidation and fluorination reactions of boron, and high interfacial effect from B@PTFE-AP with uniform microstructure and component for gas-liquid-solid reaction and energy release. Compared to B-AP and physical mixed B@PTFE/AP, the combustion speed and pressure output of B@PTFE-AP increased to 10.11 mm/s, 379.64 kPa. Furthermore, B@PTFE-AP based solid propellant has an elevated combustion rate (5.15 mm/s) and smaller particles size of condensed combustion products. The above results demonstrated that our work provides a viable approach to overcome the low combustion reaction and energy output efficiency of boron for the practical applications in solid propellants.</div></div><div><h3>Novelty and significance statement</h3><div>Boron (B) has great potential in the solid propellant owing to its high reaction heat. Unfortunately, it shows low combustion efficiency and energy release rate resulting from the inert oxide layer (B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) and combustion product aggregation. Herein, fluorine and oxygen were integrated to form B@PTFE-AP microparticle containing core-shell B@PTFE for high combustion reactivity and energy release, which originated from oxidation and fluorination reactions of boron, and high interfacial effects from B@PTFE-AP with a uniform micro-structure and component for gas-liquid-solid reaction. Additionally, B@PTFE-AP has been applied in the solid propellant, which has an elevated combustion rate and smaller particles size of condensed combustion products. This work provides an effective approach to overcome the low combustion reaction and energy output efficiency of boron for practical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":280,"journal":{"name":"Combustion and Flame","volume":"287 ","pages":"Article 114898"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2000,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Combustion and Flame","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010218026001343","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2026/3/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENERGY & FUELS","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Boron (B) fuel has great potential in solid propellant owing to its high oxidation reaction heat. Unfortunately, low combustion efficiency and energy release rate result from the inert oxide layer (B₂O₃) and combustion production aggregation. Herein, fluorine and oxygen were integrated to microparticle of B@PTFE-AP containing core-shell B@PTFE with different PTFE contents. The excellent performance originates from oxidation and fluorination reactions of boron, and high interfacial effect from B@PTFE-AP with uniform microstructure and component for gas-liquid-solid reaction and energy release. Compared to B-AP and physical mixed B@PTFE/AP, the combustion speed and pressure output of B@PTFE-AP increased to 10.11 mm/s, 379.64 kPa. Furthermore, B@PTFE-AP based solid propellant has an elevated combustion rate (5.15 mm/s) and smaller particles size of condensed combustion products. The above results demonstrated that our work provides a viable approach to overcome the low combustion reaction and energy output efficiency of boron for the practical applications in solid propellants.

Novelty and significance statement

Boron (B) has great potential in the solid propellant owing to its high reaction heat. Unfortunately, it shows low combustion efficiency and energy release rate resulting from the inert oxide layer (B₂O₃) and combustion product aggregation. Herein, fluorine and oxygen were integrated to form B@PTFE-AP microparticle containing core-shell B@PTFE for high combustion reactivity and energy release, which originated from oxidation and fluorination reactions of boron, and high interfacial effects from B@PTFE-AP with a uniform micro-structure and component for gas-liquid-solid reaction. Additionally, B@PTFE-AP has been applied in the solid propellant, which has an elevated combustion rate and smaller particles size of condensed combustion products. This work provides an effective approach to overcome the low combustion reaction and energy output efficiency of boron for practical applications.

查看原文本刊更多论文

提高硼在固体推进剂中的燃烧过程和能量的工程方法

硼(B)燃料氧化反应热高，在固体推进剂中具有很大的应用潜力。可惜的是，由于惰性氧化层（B2O3）和燃烧产物聚集，燃烧效率和能量释放率较低。在此，氟和氧被整合到含有不同PTFE含量的核壳B@PTFE的B@PTFE-AP微粒中。优异的性能源于硼的氧化和氟化反应，以及B@PTFE-AP的高界面效应，具有均匀的微观结构和气-液-固反应成分和能量释放。与B-AP和物理混合B@PTFE/AP相比，B@PTFE-AP的燃烧速度和压力输出提高到10.11 mm/s, 379.64 kPa。此外，B@PTFE-AP基固体推进剂具有更高的燃烧速率（5.15 mm/s）和更小的凝聚燃烧产物颗粒尺寸。以上结果表明，我们的工作为克服硼在固体推进剂中的低燃烧反应和能量输出效率提供了一条可行的途径。新颖性和意义声明硼(B)由于其高的反应热，在固体推进剂中具有很大的潜力。但由于惰性氧化层（B2O3）和燃烧产物聚集，燃烧效率和能量释放率较低。本文将氟和氧结合形成含有核壳的B@PTFE-AP微粒，通过硼的氧化和氟化反应产生高的燃烧反应活性和能量释放，B@PTFE-AP产生高的界面效应，具有均匀的微观结构和成分，用于气-液-固反应。此外，B@PTFE-AP已应用于固体推进剂，它具有更高的燃烧速率和更小的凝聚燃烧产物颗粒尺寸。该研究为克服硼的低燃烧反应和能量输出效率提供了一条有效的途径。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Combustion and Flame 工程技术-工程：化工

CiteScore

9.50

自引率

20.50%

发文量

631

审稿时长

3.8 months

期刊介绍： The mission of the journal is to publish high quality work from experimental, theoretical, and computational investigations on the fundamentals of combustion phenomena and closely allied matters. While submissions in all pertinent areas are welcomed, past and recent focus of the journal has been on: Development and validation of reaction kinetics, reduction of reaction mechanisms and modeling of combustion systems, including: Conventional, alternative and surrogate fuels; Pollutants; Particulate and aerosol formation and abatement; Heterogeneous processes. Experimental, theoretical, and computational studies of laminar and turbulent combustion phenomena, including: Premixed and non-premixed flames; Ignition and extinction phenomena; Flame propagation; Flame structure; Instabilities and swirl; Flame spread; Multi-phase reactants. Advances in diagnostic and computational methods in combustion, including: Measurement and simulation of scalar and vector properties; Novel techniques; State-of-the art applications. Fundamental investigations of combustion technologies and systems, including: Internal combustion engines; Gas turbines; Small- and large-scale stationary combustion and power generation; Catalytic combustion; Combustion synthesis; Combustion under extreme conditions; New concepts.