Comprehensive Studies on the Development of Ultrasonic‐Synergistic Reverse Egg Phosphatidylcholine Vesicles Extraction and LC–MS/MS‐Based Metabolomics Methods for Differentiating Diverse Parts of Zingiberis rhizoma

Abstract

ABSTRACT Zingiberis rhizoma , acknowledged as a pivotal “Rhizome of Medicine and Food,” differentiating chemical markers among various parts of Z. rhizoma will be significant due to the diversity of pharmacological activity and the similarity of chemical profiles. Here, a novel ultrasonic‐synergistic reverse egg phosphatidylcholine vesicles extraction (URPVE) combined with ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS)‐based metabolomics method was developed for comparing chemical profile among Z. rhizoma , Zingiber officinale peel, and peeled ginger (PG). The extraction conditions of URPVE were optimized by single‐factor experiments and response surface method using Box–Behnken design. Through multivariate statistical analysis, the results suggested that a total of 52 metabolites were identified, of which curcumin and zingerone contributed to a significant decreasing trend after peeling, and gingerol and gingerdiol were the most in Z. rhizome , and diacetoxy‐8‐gingerdiol and acetoxy‐8‐gingerol were the characteristic components in PG. This study enriches the understanding of Z. rhizoma by offering insights into comprehensive utilization of its diverse parts and provides a high‐efficiency extraction for the low‐polarity compounds from plant source.