Mechanisms of Cultivation Chronosequence on Distribution Characteristics of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Tea Plantations, South Henan, China

IF 2.5 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY

Microbiology Research Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI:10.3390/microbiolres16080188

Xiangchao Cui, Dong-Yong XU, Shuping Huang, Wei Wei, Ge Ma, Mengdi Li, Junhui Yan

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Abstract

The vital role of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in tea plant growth is well established; however, the mechanisms underlying how increasing cultivation chronosequence (CC) influences AM fungal distribution remain unclear. An investigation was conducted to investigate the temporal dynamics of AM fungal indices and soil properties across a 100-year tea CC (10-, 30-, 60-, and 100-year CC) in Xinyang Maojian tea (Camellia sinensis L.) plantations (Xinyang, Henan Province, China). Principal coordinate analysis was conducted to reveal the significant reorganization of AM fungal indices during early-to-mid stages (PCoA1: 89.2%, p < 0.05), with triphasic development. Mycorrhizal colonization (MC), hypha biomass (hypha), and spore density (SD) surged by 100% during 10–30 years; SD peaked at 60 years (164 spores g−1) before declining, while glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) accumulated significantly only at 100 years (p < 0.05). Concurrently, soil acidification (pH decreased from 6.37 to 4.84) and phosphorus depletion (AP from 119.6 mg kg−1 to 32 mg kg−1) intensified by 60 years, contrasting with the significant accumulations of soil organic organisms (SOM) (from 10.6 g kg−1 to 36.4 g kg−1), electrical conductivity (EC) (from 0.019 to 0.050 mS·cm−1), and microaggregate accumulation (MAR) (from 25.8% to 40.3%) during the period. The linear regression model was performed to validate the significant effects (p < 0.05) of CC on the AM indices (MC, SD, hypha, and GRSP) and soil physiochemical characteristics (EC, moisture, and SOM). Variance partitioning attributed 97.4% of the total variation, while interactions among cultivation ages, nutrient characteristics (SOM and AP), and non-nutrient characteristics (pH, EC, moisture, and aggregates) accounted for 23.0%. To identify the driving factors of AM fungi indices, Pearson correlation and redundancy analysis (RDA) were performed, and EC (26.5%) and pH (20.9%) were identified as the paramount regulators of hyphal integrity and colonization efficiency. It was found that 60 years worked as a critical transition point for targeted interventions (e.g., organic amendments and pH buffering) to mitigate rhizosphere dysfunction and optimize mycorrhizal services in perennial monocultures.

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豫南茶园栽培时间顺序对丛枝菌根真菌分布特征的影响机制

丛枝菌根真菌（AM）在茶树生长中的重要作用已得到证实；然而，增加培养时序（CC）影响AM真菌分布的机制尚不清楚。研究了信阳毛尖茶园100年（10年、30年、60年和100年）AM真菌指数和土壤性质的时间动态。主坐标分析显示AM真菌指数在早中期重组显著（PCoA1: 89.2%, p < 0.05），呈三相发育。菌根定植（MC）、菌丝生物量（hypha）和孢子密度（SD）在10 ~ 30年间激增100%；SD在60年时达到峰值（164孢子g−1），随后下降，而glalins相关土壤蛋白（GRSP）仅在100年时显著积累（p < 0.05）。与此同时，土壤酸化（pH从6.37降至4.84）和磷耗损（AP从119.6 mg kg - 1降至32 mg kg - 1）在60年间加剧，而土壤有机生物（SOM）（从10.6 g kg - 1降至36.4 g kg - 1）、电导率（EC）（从0.019 mS·cm - 1降至0.050 mS·cm - 1）和微团聚体积累（MAR）（从25.8%降至40.3%）在60年间显著增加。采用线性回归模型验证了CC对AM指数（MC、SD、菌丝和GRSP）和土壤理化特征（EC、moisture和SOM）的显著影响（p < 0.05）。方差分配占总变异的97.4%，而栽培年龄、养分特征（SOM和AP）和非养分特征（pH、EC、水分和团聚体）的相互作用占23.0%。为了确定AM真菌指数的驱动因素，采用Pearson相关分析和冗余分析（RDA），确定EC（26.5%）和pH（20.9%）是菌丝完整性和定殖效率的主要调节因子。研究发现，在多年生单一栽培中，60年是进行有针对性干预（如有机修正和pH缓冲）以减轻根际功能障碍和优化菌根服务的关键转折点。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Microbiology Research MICROBIOLOGY-

CiteScore

1.90

自引率

6.70%

发文量

审稿时长

10 weeks

期刊介绍： Microbiology Research is an international, online-only, open access peer-reviewed journal which publishes original research, review articles, editorials, perspectives, case reports and brief reports to benefit researchers, microbiologists, physicians, veterinarians. Microbiology Research publishes ‘Clinic’ and ‘Research’ papers divided into two different skill and proficiency levels: ‘Junior’ and ‘Professional’. The aim of this four quadrant grid is to encourage younger researchers, physicians and veterinarians to submit their results even if their studies encompass just a limited set of observations or rely on basic statistical approach, yet upholding the customary sound approach of every scientific article.

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