Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Oral Frailty Index-8 for Turkish Older Adults.

IF 1.6 3区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Gerodontology Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-25 DOI:10.1111/ger.70064

Fatma Ozge Kayhan Kocak, Nagihan Sözen Gencer, Sibel Çavdar

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction: Oral frailty, a multidimensional decline in oral function involving chewing, swallowing, and oral behaviours, is a recognised precursor of dysphagia, malnutrition, and physical frailty. The Oral Frailty Index-8 (OFI-8) is a brief self-report screening tool for assessing oral frailty. This study's aim is to adapt the OFI-8 into Turkish (OFI-8-TR) and evaluate its psychometric properties among older adults.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 341 adults aged ≥ 65 years attending a geriatrics outpatient clinic. Internal consistency (KR-20), test-retest reliability (ICC), and construct validity (convergent, known-groups, and confirmatory factor analyses) were evaluated. Comparator measures included the FRAIL (Fatigue, Resistance, Ambulation, Illnesses, and Loss of weight) scale, Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), Eating Assessment Tool-10 (EAT-10), Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS), and Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF).

Results: The OFI-8-TR showed acceptable internal consistency (KR-20 = 0.62) and excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.898). Confirmatory factor analysis supported a one-factor model (Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.93, Goodness-of-Fit Index (GFI) = 0.95, adjusted Goodness-of-Fit Index (AGFI) = 0.91). Convergent validity was confirmed through strong correlations with the EAT-10 (r = 0.63) and FOIS (r = -0.62), and moderate correlations with FRAIL, CFS, and MNA-SF in the expected directions. Known-groups validity showed significantly higher scores among participants with malnutrition or risk of malnutrition.

Conclusions: The OFI-8-TR is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing oral frailty and identifying swallowing-related and nutritional vulnerability in older adults. Its brevity and multidimensional structure make it a practical screening tool for routine geriatric assessments to support early identification of swallowing- and nutrition-related vulnerability.

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土耳其老年人口腔虚弱指数-8的文化适应和验证。

口腔虚弱是一种涉及咀嚼、吞咽和口腔行为的多方面口腔功能下降，是公认的吞咽困难、营养不良和身体虚弱的前兆。口腔虚弱指数-8 （OFI-8）是一种评估口腔虚弱的简短的自我报告筛选工具。本研究的目的是将OFI-8转换成土耳其语（OFI-8- tr），并评估其在老年人中的心理测量特性。方法：对341名年龄≥65岁的老年人门诊进行横断面研究。评估了内部一致性（KR-20）、重测信度（ICC）和结构效度（收敛、已知组和验证性因子分析）。比较指标包括虚弱量表（疲劳、抵抗、行走、疾病和体重减轻）、临床虚弱量表（CFS）、饮食评估工具-10 （EAT-10）、功能性口服摄入量表（FOIS）和迷你营养评估-简表（MNA-SF）。结果：OFI-8-TR具有良好的内部一致性（KR-20 = 0.62）和良好的重测信度（ICC = 0.898）。验证性因子分析支持单因素模型(比较拟合指数(CFI) = 0.93，拟合优度指数（GFI) = 0.95，调整后的拟合优度指数(AGFI) = 0.91）。通过与EAT-10 （r = 0.63）和FOIS （r = -0.62）的强相关性，以及与虚弱、CFS和MNA-SF在预期方向上的中度相关性，证实了收敛效度。已知组效度显示，营养不良或有营养不良风险的参与者得分明显较高。结论：OFI-8-TR是评估老年人口腔虚弱和识别吞咽相关和营养脆弱性的有效和可靠的工具。它的简洁和多维结构使其成为常规老年评估的实用筛查工具，以支持早期识别吞咽和营养相关的脆弱性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Gerodontology 医学-老年医学

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

10.00%

发文量

审稿时长

3-6 weeks

期刊介绍： The ultimate aim of Gerodontology is to improve the quality of life and oral health of older people. The boundaries of most conventional dental specialties must be repeatedly crossed to provide optimal dental care for older people. In addition, management of other health problems impacts on dental care and clinicians need knowledge in these numerous overlapping areas. Bringing together these diverse topics within one journal serves clinicians who are seeking to read and to publish papers across a broad spectrum of specialties. This journal provides the juxtaposition of papers from traditional specialties but which share this patient-centred interest, providing a synergy that serves progress in the subject of gerodontology.