Comparable biomechanical performance of magnesium-based and titanium screws for the Latarjet procedure in a cadaveric study

IF 2 Q2 Medicine

JSES International Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-11 DOI:10.1016/j.jseint.2025.101410

Farah Selman MD , Esteban Ongini MSc , Nicholas Peter James Perry MD , Michel Meisterhans MD , Maximilian Gressl , Karl Wieser MD

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background and Hypothesis

Nonbiodegradable metal screws used for fixation in the Latarjet procedure can cause complications, including irritation from prominent hardware and the need for revision surgery. Magnesium-based, bioabsorbable screws may address these concerns. This study compared the biomechanical performance of magnesium screws to titanium screws with the hypothesis that there is no statistically significant difference between both groups.

Methods

Fourteen fresh-frozen cadaveric shoulders were matched by age and sex. Seven shoulders underwent a standard Latarjet procedure using two 5 mm cannulated partially threaded magnesium screws (average age 70.6 ± 9.4 years). The other 7 were fixed with two 4.5 mm cannulated partially threaded titanium screws (average age 71.4 ± 14). All shoulders underwent biomechanical testing with direct pressure on the graft: cyclic loading (100 cycles 10 N- 100 N) was performed to assess displacement, stiffness and load-to-failure. Those were measured using force-displacement data obtained through a mechanical testing system.

Results

Maximum cyclic displacement was 1.2 ± 0.6 mm for magnesium and 1.4 ± 1.1 mm for titanium screws (P = .643). Cyclical stiffness was 329 ± 147 N/mm (magnesium) vs. 402 ± 220 N/mm (titanium, P = .489). Construct stiffness was 327 ± 141 N/mm vs. 408 ± 207 N/mm (P = .425), and ultimate load to failure was 414 ± 128 N vs. 475 ± 271 N (P = .605). Bone block failure with screw bending was the most common failure mode in both groups.

Conclusion

No statistically significant differences in biomechanical performance were found between magnesium and titanium screws in this time-zero biomechanical study. Magnesium screws may offer a viable bioabsorbable alternative that reduces complications from permanent hardware.

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尸体研究中用于Latarjet手术的镁基螺钉和钛基螺钉的生物力学性能比较

背景和假设在Latarjet手术中使用不可生物降解的金属螺钉固定可引起并发症，包括突出的硬件刺激和需要翻修手术。镁基生物可吸收螺钉可以解决这些问题。本研究比较了镁螺钉与钛螺钉的生物力学性能，假设两组间无统计学差异。方法对14例新鲜冷冻尸体进行年龄、性别匹配。7例肩接受标准Latarjet手术，使用2枚5毫米空心部分螺纹镁螺钉（平均年龄70.6±9.4岁）。其余7例采用2枚4.5 mm空心部分螺纹钛螺钉固定，平均年龄71.4±14岁。所有肩关节均在移植物直接压力下进行生物力学测试：进行循环加载（100次，10 N- 100 N），以评估位移、刚度和载荷-失效。这些都是通过机械测试系统获得的力-位移数据来测量的。结果镁钉的最大循环位移为1.2±0.6 mm，钛钉的最大循环位移为1.4±1.1 mm （P = 0.643）。循环刚度为329±147 N/mm（镁）vs. 402±220 N/mm（钛，P = .489）。结构刚度分别为327±141 N/mm和408±207 N/mm (P = 0.425)，极限失效载荷分别为414±128 N和475±271 N （P = 0.605）。骨块失效伴螺钉弯曲是两组中最常见的失效模式。结论在这项零时间生物力学研究中，镁钉与钛钉的生物力学性能无统计学差异。镁螺钉可能提供一种可行的生物可吸收的替代方案，减少永久性硬件的并发症。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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