Metabolic Dysregulation in Laminopathies: Implications for Heart Failure and Cardiac Health.

Abstract

Purpose of the review: Laminopathies are a diverse group of genetic disorders caused by variants in nuclear lamina proteins, with heart failure being a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients. By shifting the perspective from distinct clinical phenotypes to a continuous spectrum of metabolic observations in laminopathies, this review aims to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying metabolic dysregulation in laminopathies and their impact on cardiac health.

Recent findings: Emerging evidence links A-type lamins to cellular metabolism, with systemic metabolic changes such as lipodystrophy, insulin resistance and hypertriglyceridemia often detected in laminopathy patients before cardiac symptoms onset. At the molecular level, LMNA variants disrupt the regulation of genes involved in fatty acid, oxidation glucose utilization, and mitochondrial function. These disturbances increase cardiomyocyte susceptibility, promoting fibrosis and apoptosis. Metabolic dysregulation is a recurring observation across the laminopathy spectrum. Targeting metabolic pathways shows preclinical promise for improving cardiac outcomes in patients.