Is the coexistence of diabetes and hypertension liable for a higher risk of cardiovascular disorders among Saudis?

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are experiencing a notable increase globally, largely influenced by the related rise in risk factors, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension (HTN). This study aimed to evaluate the detrimental effects of CVDs on individuals diagnosed with both T2DM and HTN in Saudi Arabia.

Methodology: This descriptive study used samples from approximately 31 primary health clinics (PHCs) that serve the local community in the Hail region of northern Saudi Arabia. Between December 2021 and June 2022, roughly 1,406 individuals were picked using a basic random selection procedure. Of the 1406 subjects, 702 (50%) were diagnosed with both T2DM and HTN, 404 (28.7%) with T2DM only, and 300 (21.3%) with HTN only.

Results: There were 42 (65.6%), 59 (60.8%), 26 (70.2%), and 33 (50.7%) cases of stroke, CHD, CHF, and DVT in patients with combined DM and HTN, respectively. Stroke, CHD, CHF, and DVT were prevalent in those with diabetes and hypertension at rates of 6%, 8.4%, 4%, and 5%, respectively.

Conclusion: The combination of T2DM and HTN significantly raises the risk of stroke, CHD, CHF, and DVT. Saudi men have much greater rates of CVDs, T2DM, and hypertension than women.