Healthcare resource utilization and costs of chronic kidney disease in Spain across KDIGO categories: Insights from real-world evidence

IF 2.1 4区医学 Q2 UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY

Nefrologia Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-13 DOI:10.1016/j.nefro.2025.501414

Rafael Santamaria , Carlos Escobar , Unai Aranda , Beatriz Palacios , Margarita Capel , Ignacio Hernández , Ana Cebrián , Roberto Alcázar , Manuel Gorostidi

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aim

To determine the healthcare resource utilization and costs in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) across the KDIGO stages in real-world clinical practice in Spain.

Methods

Observational, retrospective study using the BIG-PAC database. Adults with ≥1 measurement of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria closest to 1st January 2018 were included. Annual healthcare resource utilization and healthcare costs per patient were analyzed within a two-year follow-up period.

Results

70,385 subjects were included, of whom 30.0% had CKD. The proportion of patients with ≥1 hospitalization ranged from 12.0% to 52.9% in categories G3a to G5 A1, from 6.0% to 47.4% in categories G1 to G5 A2 and from 13.5% to 69.8% in categories G1 to G5 A3. First year mean (SD) total cost ranged from 2486.65 (1724.25) to 16,085.75 (11,731.67), 1567.67 (1293.56) to 14,647.70 (11,031.45) and 2799.43 (1800.53) to 20,584.74 (11,563.63) Euros, respectively. Overall, the main driver for total cost was hospitalizations. All these numbers increased as eGFR declined or albuminuria increased and, in general, there was a slight decrease during the second year in all categories.

Conclusions

In real-world, CKD may be associated with high healthcare resource utilization and costs that increase as renal function worsens or albuminuria levels increase. Reducing economic burden through primordial and primary prevention policies, and comprehensive management with kidney protective drugs should be a priority.

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卫生保健资源利用和慢性肾脏疾病在西班牙跨KDIGO类别的成本：来自现实世界证据的见解

目的在西班牙的临床实践中，确定慢性肾脏疾病（CKD）患者在KDIGO阶段的医疗资源利用和成本。方法采用BIG-PAC数据库进行观察性、回顾性研究。在2018年1月1日之前进行≥1次估计肾小球滤过率（eGFR）和蛋白尿测量的成年人被纳入研究。在两年的随访期内，分析了每位患者的年度医疗保健资源利用率和医疗保健费用。结果共纳入70385例受试者，其中30.0%患有CKD。≥1次住院患者的比例在G3a ~ G5 A1类中为12.0% ~ 52.9%，在G1 ~ G5 A2类中为6.0% ~ 47.4%，在G1 ~ G5 A3类中为13.5% ~ 69.8%。第一年的平均（SD）总成本分别为2486.65（1724.25）至16,085.75（11,731.67）、1567.67（1293.56）至14,647.70（11031.45）和2799.43（1800.53）至20,584.74（11,563.63）欧元。总体而言，总费用的主要驱动因素是住院治疗。所有这些数字都随着eGFR下降或蛋白尿增加而增加，总的来说，所有类别在第二年都略有下降。结论在现实生活中，CKD可能与高医疗资源利用率和成本相关，并且随着肾功能恶化或蛋白尿水平的增加而增加。通过初级和一级预防政策减轻经济负担，并使用肾脏保护药物进行综合管理应是优先考虑的问题。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Nefrologia 医学-泌尿学与肾脏学

CiteScore

3.40

自引率

7.70%

发文量

148

审稿时长

47 days

期刊介绍： Nefrología is the official publication of the Spanish Society of Nephrology. The Journal publishes articles on basic or clinical research relating to nephrology, arterial hypertension, dialysis and kidney transplants. It is governed by the peer review system and all original papers are subject to internal assessment and external reviews. The journal accepts submissions of articles in English and in Spanish languages.