{"title":"Vortex shedding behind clusters of square cylinders","authors":"Saad Inam, Cung Nguyen, Changchang Wang, Davide Lasagna, Zheng-Tong Xie","doi":"10.1007/s42241-025-0073-7","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study examines the cluster effect of arrays of square cylinders in smooth and turbulent inflows, focusing on vortex shedding and wake dynamics. Several clusters in varying arrangements (2×2, 3×3 and 4×4) and spacings were investigated using high-fidelity large-eddy simulations (LESs). The obtained data reveal that the shedding frequency of the dominant vortex is primarily influenced by the solid portion of the cluster’s cross-section. From this observation, an effective cluster size, which mainly consists of the solid portion with a minor adjustment for the cluster porosity, is proposed in the study. The Strouhal number (<i>Sr</i>) based on the effective cluster size closely resembles that of an isolated square cylinder, suggesting that the characteristic length is the effective cluster width, but not the geometric cluster size. For turbulent inflows with an integral length scale exceeding the cluster size, <i>Sr</i> decreases markedly compared to smooth inflow cases, indicating a significant influence of large-scale turbulence on cluster dynamics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrodynamics","volume":"37 5","pages":"975 - 989"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Hydrodynamics","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s42241-025-0073-7","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The study examines the cluster effect of arrays of square cylinders in smooth and turbulent inflows, focusing on vortex shedding and wake dynamics. Several clusters in varying arrangements (2×2, 3×3 and 4×4) and spacings were investigated using high-fidelity large-eddy simulations (LESs). The obtained data reveal that the shedding frequency of the dominant vortex is primarily influenced by the solid portion of the cluster’s cross-section. From this observation, an effective cluster size, which mainly consists of the solid portion with a minor adjustment for the cluster porosity, is proposed in the study. The Strouhal number (Sr) based on the effective cluster size closely resembles that of an isolated square cylinder, suggesting that the characteristic length is the effective cluster width, but not the geometric cluster size. For turbulent inflows with an integral length scale exceeding the cluster size, Sr decreases markedly compared to smooth inflow cases, indicating a significant influence of large-scale turbulence on cluster dynamics.
期刊介绍：
Journal of Hydrodynamics is devoted to the publication of original theoretical, computational and experimental contributions to the all aspects of hydrodynamics. It covers advances in the naval architecture and ocean engineering, marine and ocean engineering, environmental engineering, water conservancy and hydropower engineering, energy exploration, chemical engineering, biological and biomedical engineering etc.
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