Toward Personalized Treatment of Urogenital Cancers: The Role of Patient-Derived Organoids.

IF 3.4 Q2 ONCOLOGY
Oncology and Therapy Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-08 DOI:10.1007/s40487-025-00411-w
Serena Sagliocchi, Michele Musone, Stefano Chianese, Annunziata Gaetana Cicatiello, Silvia Del Mastro, Francesco Del Giudice, Monica Dentice, Felice Crocetto
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Urogenital cancers, including prostate, kidney, and bladder cancer, remain a significant clinical challenge due to their high incidence, molecular heterogeneity, and frequent resistance to standard therapies. Despite progress in genomic profiling and precision oncology, the translation of molecular data into effective therapeutic decisions remains limited by the lack of functional models capable of capturing tumor complexity. Patient-derived organoids (PDOs) have emerged as transformative tools in this context, offering the unique advantage of preserving the genetic, phenotypic, and functional features of individual tumors ex vivo. Beyond their well-established applications in drug screening and resistance studies, PDOs contribute to personalized treatment strategies by enabling functional molecular stratification, modeling tumor-microenvironment interactions, and predicting the efficacy of targeted and immunotherapeutic approaches. When integrated with liquid biopsy analyses, PDOs also allow real-time tracking of clonal evolution and can be repeatedly generated during the disease course, providing dynamic insights that guide longitudinal treatment decisions. As organoid biobanking and multi-omic integration advance, PDOs are poised to evolve into clinically actionable avatars that complement genomic profiling and help tailor therapeutic strategies for patients with urogenital cancers. Nevertheless, the clinical integration of PDOs still faces important barriers, including variability in culture protocols, incomplete representation of the native tumor microenvironment, and the time required for organoid establishment. Moreover, the predictive value of PDO-based drug screening-although promising-needs rigorous prospective validation in large patient cohorts. This review highlights the pivotal role of PDOs in bridging the gap between laboratory research and clinical oncology, emphasizing their application in guiding personalized therapeutic strategies. As organoid biobanking and genomic profiling expand, the integration of PDOs into precision oncology pipelines holds promise for reshaping the clinical management of urogenital malignancies and advancing toward truly individualized cancer treatment.

泌尿生殖系统癌的个体化治疗:患者源性类器官的作用。
泌尿生殖系统癌症,包括前列腺癌、肾癌和膀胱癌,由于其高发病率、分子异质性和对标准治疗的耐药性,仍然是一个重大的临床挑战。尽管在基因组分析和精确肿瘤学方面取得了进展,但由于缺乏能够捕捉肿瘤复杂性的功能模型,将分子数据转化为有效的治疗决策仍然受到限制。在这种背景下,患者衍生类器官(PDOs)已经成为一种变革性的工具,在保存个体肿瘤的遗传、表型和功能特征方面具有独特的优势。除了在药物筛选和耐药性研究中的广泛应用外,PDOs还通过实现功能分子分层、模拟肿瘤-微环境相互作用以及预测靶向和免疫治疗方法的疗效,为个性化治疗策略做出了贡献。当与液体活检分析相结合时,pdo还允许实时跟踪克隆进化,并且可以在疾病过程中重复生成,提供指导纵向治疗决策的动态见解。随着类器官生物银行和多组学整合的推进,pdo正准备演变成临床可操作的化身,补充基因组分析,并帮助定制治疗策略的泌尿生殖系统癌症患者。然而,pdo的临床整合仍然面临着重要的障碍,包括培养方案的差异、原生肿瘤微环境的不完整代表以及类器官建立所需的时间。此外,基于pdo的药物筛选的预测价值虽然很有希望,但需要在大量患者队列中进行严格的前瞻性验证。本文综述了pdo在弥合实验室研究与临床肿瘤学之间的差距方面的关键作用,强调了它们在指导个性化治疗策略方面的应用。随着类器官生物银行和基因组图谱的扩展,将pdo整合到精确肿瘤学管道中,有望重塑泌尿生殖系统恶性肿瘤的临床管理,并朝着真正个性化的癌症治疗迈进。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
31
审稿时长
6 weeks
期刊介绍: Now indexed in PubMed Aims and Scope Oncology and Therapy is an international, peer reviewed, rapid-publication (peer review in 2 weeks, published 3–4 weeks from acceptance) journal dedicated to the publication of high-quality pre-clinical, clinical (all phases), observational, real-world, and health outcomes research around the discovery, development, and use of therapeutics and interventions (including devices) across all therapeutic areas. Studies relating to diagnostics and diagnosis, pharmacoeconomics, public health, epidemiology, quality of life, and patient care, management, and education are also encouraged. The journal is of interest to a broad audience of healthcare professionals and publishes original research, reviews, communications and letters. The journal is read by a global audience and receives submissions from all over the world. Oncology and Therapy will consider all scientifically sound research be it positive, confirmatory or negative data. Submissions are welcomed whether they relate to an international and/or a country-specific audience, something that is crucially important when researchers are trying to target more specific patient populations. This inclusive approach allows the journal to assist in the dissemination of all scientifically and ethically sound research. Rapid Publication The journal’s rapid publication timelines aim for a peer review decision within 2 weeks of submission. If an article is accepted it will be published online 3-4 weeks from acceptance. These rapid timelines are achieved through the combination of a dedicated in-house editorial team, who closely manage article workflow, and an extensive Editorial and Advisory Board who assist with rapid peer review. This allows the journal to support the rapid dissemination of research, whilst still providing robust peer review. Combined with the journal’s open access model this allows for the rapid and efficient communication of the latest research and reviews, allowing the advancement of clinical therapies. Personal Service The journal’s dedicated in-house editorial team offer a personal “concierge service” meaning that authors will always have a personal point of contact able to update them on the status of their manuscript. The editorial team check all manuscripts to ensure that articles conform to the most recent COPE, GPP and ICMJE publishing guidelines. This supports the publication of ethically sound and transparent research. We also encourage pre-submission enquiries and are always happy to provide a confidential assessment of manuscripts. Digital features and plain language summaries Oncology and Therapy offers a range of additional features designed to increase the visibility, readership and educational value of the journal’s content. Each article is accompanied by key summary points, giving a time-efficient overview of the content to a wide readership. Articles may be accompanied by plain language summaries to assist readers who have some knowledge of, but not in-depth expertise in, the area to understand the scientific content and overall implications of the article. The journal also provides the option to include various types of digital features including animated abstracts, video abstracts, slide decks, audio slides, instructional videos, infographics, podcasts and animations. All additional features are peer reviewed to the same high standard as the article itself. If you consider that your paper would benefit from the inclusion of a digital feature, please let us know. Our editorial team are able to create high-quality slide decks and infographics in-house, and video abstracts through our partner Research Square, and would be happy to assist in any way we can. For further information about digital features, please contact the journal editor (see ‘Contact the Journal’ for email address), and see the ‘Guidelines for digital features and plain language summaries’ document under ‘Submission guidelines’. Preprints We encourage posting of preprints of primary research manuscripts on preprint servers, authors'' or institutional websites, and open communications between researchers whether on community preprint servers or preprint commenting platforms. Posting of preprints is not considered prior publication and will not jeopardize consideration in our journals. Please see here for further information on preprint sharing: https://www.springer.com/gp/authors-editors/journal-author/journal-author-helpdesk/submission/1302#c16721550 Peer Review Process Upon submission, manuscripts are assessed by the editorial team to ensure they fit within the aims and scope of the journal and are also checked for plagiarism. All suitable submissions are then subject to a comprehensive single-blind peer review. Reviewers are selected based on their relevant expertise and publication history in the subject area. The journal has an extensive pool of editorial and advisory board members who have been selected to assist with peer review based on the afore-mentioned criteria. At least two extensive reviews are required to make the editorial decision, with the exception of some article types such as Commentaries, Editorials and Letters which are generally reviewed by one member of the Editorial Board. Where reviewer recommendations are conflicted, the editorial board will be contacted for further advice and a presiding decision. Manuscripts are then either accepted, rejected or authors are required to make major or minor revisions (both reviewer comments and editorial comments may need to be addressed). Once a revised manuscript is re-submitted, it is assessed along with the responses to reviewer comments and if it has been adequately revised it will be accepted for publication. Accepted manuscripts are then copyedited and typeset by the production team before online publication. Appeals against decisions following peer review are considered on a case by case basis and should be sent to the journal editor. Copyright Oncology and Therapy''s content is published open access under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial License, which allows users to read, copy, distribute, and make derivative works for non-commercial purposes from the material, as long as the author of the original work is cited. The author assigns the exclusive right to any commercial use of the article to Springer. For more information about the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial License, click here: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 Publication Fees Upon acceptance of an article, authors will be required to pay the mandatory Rapid Service Fee of £3650/€4500/$5100. The journal will consider fee discounts for developing countries and this is decided on a case by case basis. Open Access All articles published by Oncology and Therapy are published open access Contact For more information about the journal, including pre-submission enquiries, please contact managing editor Lydia Alborn at lydia.alborn@springer.com.
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