Fusarium fungi and mycotoxins in staple food in Benin and human health risk.

IF 2.5 3区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Food additives & contaminants. Part B, Surveillance Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-22 DOI:10.1080/19393210.2025.2590446

Camel Lagnika, Emie Groppi, Abdou Madjid O Amoussa, Valérie Cristofoli, Patricia Jargeat, Latifou Lagnika, Alice Gadea, Mohamed Haddad

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Abstract

Combined mycotoxin contamination patterns with fungal sources were studied in maize, rice, and peanuts from Beninese markets, to evaluate population exposure by staple foods and to characterise its Fusarium species. An initial survey of 95 maize samples in 2022 showed fumonisins contamination up to 9900 μg/kg, with 20% exceeding the FDA advisory level and the EU maximum level of 2000 μg/kg for direct human consumption. Subsequent analysis in 2024 of another 69 samples also on aflatoxins confirmed the previous findings, with co-occurrence in many samples. Fungal characterisation from maize, sorghum and millet identified F. verticillioides predominantly in maize and F. andiyazi in sorghum. Metabolomic analysis demonstrated that F. verticillioides isolates produced multiple fumonisins, while F. andiyazi produced only fusarins. These findings connect contamination patterns to their fungal sources in cereals and highlight the importance of ongoing surveillance for regional food safety, particularly given climate change impacts on fungal growth.

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贝宁主食中的镰刀菌真菌和真菌毒素与人类健康风险。

在贝宁市场的玉米、大米和花生中研究了真菌毒素与真菌来源的联合污染模式，以评估主食对人群的暴露程度，并确定其镰刀菌种类。2022年对95份玉米样品进行的初步调查显示，伏马菌素污染高达9900 μg/kg，其中20%超过了FDA的咨询水平和欧盟人类直接消费的最高水平2000 μg/kg。随后在2024年对另外69个样本进行的黄曲霉毒素分析证实了之前的发现，许多样本中都出现了这种情况。玉米、高粱和谷子真菌鉴定发现玉米中主要有黄萎病菌，高粱中主要有黄萎病菌。代谢组学分析表明，verticillioides分离株产生多种伏马毒素，而F. and diyazi只产生伏马毒素。这些发现将谷物中的污染模式与其真菌来源联系起来，并强调了持续监测区域食品安全的重要性，特别是考虑到气候变化对真菌生长的影响。

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来源期刊

Food additives & contaminants. Part B, Surveillance 农林科学-毒理学

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

10.30%

发文量

审稿时长

2.7 months

期刊介绍： Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B publishes surveillance data indicating the presence and levels of occurrence of designated food additives, residues and contaminants in foods, food supplements and animal feed. Data using validated methods must meet stipulated quality standards to be acceptable and must be presented in a prescribed format for subsequent data-handling. Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B restricts its scope to include certain classes of food additives, residues and contaminants. This is based on a goal of covering those areas where there is a need to record surveillance data for the purposes of exposure and risk assessment. The scope is initially restricted to: Additives - food colours, artificial sweeteners, and preservatives; Residues – veterinary drug and pesticide residues; Contaminants – metals, mycotoxins, phycotoxins, plant toxins, nitrate/nitrite, PCDDs/PCFDs, PCBs, PAHs, acrylamide, 3-MPCD and contaminants derived from food packaging. Readership: The readership includes scientists involved in all aspects of food safety and quality and particularly those involved in monitoring human exposure to chemicals from the diet. Papers reporting surveillance data in areas other than the above should be submitted to Part A . The scope of Part B will be expanded from time-to-time to ensure inclusion of new areas of concern.