Physiological effects of long-term saline-alkaline stress on the gills of Acanthopagrus latus: A combined analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics

IF 2.2 2区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-08 DOI:10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101701

Weiqing Huang , Fengfang Zhou , Zongqiang Lian , Zhideng Lin , Zipeng Zhang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Saline-alkaline stress poses a significant environmental challenge to fish in aquaculture, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying adaptation remain poorly understood. In this study, we integrated transcriptomic, metabolomic, physiological, and histological analyses to elucidate the adaptive mechanisms of Acanthopagrus latus gills under saline-alkaline water (SAW) exposure. After 40 days of treatment, SAW caused evident histological alterations in gill structures but did not significantly affect growth performance. Physiological assays showed that glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities showed no significant change, while malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased, indicating oxidative stress and metabolic disturbance.

Transcriptomic analysis identified 2539 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), mainly enriched in immune-related pathways such as T-cell receptor signaling, Th17 cell differentiation, and IL-17 signaling. Metabolomic profiling detected 892 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs), primarily involved in energy metabolism pathways, including arachidonic acid, α-linolenic acid, and linoleic acid metabolism. Integrated multi-omics analysis further revealed a significant co-enrichment in platelet activation, phospholipase D signaling, and glutathione metabolism pathways. Notably, 29 DEGs and 4 key metabolites (ATP, prostaglandin H₂, cyclic AMP, and ADP) were significantly altered in the platelet activation pathway. Among them, upregulated genes such as p2ry12, LOC119021196, and LOC119027230 were linked to energy metabolism, while lyn, fynb, pik3r1, pik3cd, and akt1 were associated with apoptosis and immune regulation.

Overall, this study provides comprehensive molecular and physiological evidence of how A. latus adapts to saline-alkaline stress through coordinated immune regulation and energy metabolism. These findings enhance our understanding of fish adaptive mechanisms and offer theoretical support for the sustainable utilization of saline-alkaline water resources in aquaculture.

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长期盐碱胁迫对棘鱼鳃的生理影响：转录组学和代谢组学的联合分析。

盐碱胁迫对水产养殖鱼类构成了重大的环境挑战，但其适应盐碱胁迫的分子机制尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们综合了转录组学、代谢组学、生理学和组织学分析来阐明棘鱼鳃在盐碱水（SAW）暴露下的适应机制。处理40天后，SAW引起了鳃结构的明显组织学改变，但对生长性能没有显著影响。生理分析显示，谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）、酸性磷酸酶（ACP）和碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性无显著变化，丙二醛（MDA）水平升高，提示氧化应激和代谢紊乱。转录组学分析鉴定出2539个差异表达基因（DEGs），主要富集于免疫相关通路，如t细胞受体信号传导、Th17细胞分化和IL-17信号传导。代谢组学分析检测到892种差异表达代谢物（DEMs），主要参与能量代谢途径，包括花生四烯酸、α-亚麻酸和亚油酸代谢。综合多组学分析进一步揭示了血小板活化、磷脂酶D信号转导和谷胱甘肽代谢途径中显著的共富集。值得注意的是，29个DEGs和4个关键代谢物（ATP、前列腺素H₂、环AMP和ADP）在血小板活化途径中显著改变。其中，p2ry12、LOC119021196和LOC119027230等上调基因与能量代谢相关，lyn、fynb、pik3r1、pik3cd和akt1等上调基因与细胞凋亡和免疫调节相关。综上所述，本研究提供了水杨如何通过协调免疫调节和能量代谢来适应盐碱胁迫的分子和生理证据。这些发现增强了我们对鱼类适应机制的认识，为盐碱水资源在水产养殖中的可持续利用提供了理论支持。

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来源期刊

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics 生物-生化与分子生物学

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

3.30%

发文量

审稿时长

33 days

期刊介绍： Comparative Biochemistry & Physiology (CBP) publishes papers in comparative, environmental and evolutionary physiology. Part D: Genomics and Proteomics (CBPD), focuses on “omics” approaches to physiology, including comparative and functional genomics, metagenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and lipidomics. Most studies employ “omics” and/or system biology to test specific hypotheses about molecular and biochemical mechanisms underlying physiological responses to the environment. We encourage papers that address fundamental questions in comparative physiology and biochemistry rather than studies with a focus that is purely technical, methodological or descriptive in nature.