Global Prevalence of Microvascular Complications in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

IF 1.9 3区医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Pediatric Diabetes Pub Date : 2025-11-26 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1155/pedi/8398194

Yasmin Ezzatvar, Ignacio Hormazábal-Aguayo, Jacinto Muñoz-Pardeza, Jacqueline Páez-Herrera, Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda, Antonio García-Hermoso

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Abstract

Aim: To quantify the prevalence of microvascular complications of children and adolescents with type 1 and type 2 diabetes by performing a meta-analysis of observational studies.

Methods: A systematic search in PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science was performed from 2000 to August 2025. Studies that reported the prevalence of microvascular complications in children and adolescents with diabetes were included. Study characteristics and prevalence estimates were extracted from each study. Pooled prevalence rates for microvascular complications were calculated using a random-effects model with Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation to stabilize variance.

Results: A total of 57 studies were included, comprising 51,819 children and adolescents diagnosed with diabetes (type 1: n = 44,150 and type 2: n = 7,669), with a mean age of 14.5 and 15.2 years old, respectively. Pooled prevalence of complications in youth with type 1 vs. type 2 diabetes was 22.07% (95% CI: 16.86-27.75) vs. 11.04% (95% CI: 2.73-23.45) for peripheral neuropathy, 31.98% (95% CI: 11.13-57.44) vs. 15.37% (95% CI: 3.09-34.29) for autonomic neuropathy, 13.76% (95% CI: 6.43-23.24) vs. 2.97% (95% CI: 0.00-10.33) for retinopathy, and 13.70% (95% CI: 10.25-17.54) vs. 12.63% (95% CI: 7.99-18.07) for nephropathy, with high heterogeneity across studies and no significant differences between diabetes types. Meta-regression analyses showed no significant associations between complication prevalence and HbA1c, diabetes duration, lipid levels, cohort year, or age.

Conclusions/interpretation: Microvascular complications affect at least one in 10 youths with diabetes before age 20, with similar prevalence in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Given the high rates and early onset, routine screening and early intervention are essential for all young people with diabetes to prevent or limit progression of vascular damage, regardless of diabetes type, glycemic stability, or disease duration.

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1型和2型糖尿病儿童和青少年微血管并发症的全球患病率：一项系统综述和荟萃分析

目的：通过对观察性研究进行荟萃分析，量化1型和2型糖尿病儿童和青少年微血管并发症的患病率。方法：从2000年至2025年8月系统检索PubMed、EMBASE和Web of Science。研究报告了儿童和青少年糖尿病患者微血管并发症的患病率。从每项研究中提取研究特征和患病率估计。利用Freeman-Tukey双反正弦变换的随机效应模型计算微血管并发症的合并患病率以稳定方差。结果：共纳入57项研究，包括51,819名诊断为糖尿病的儿童和青少年（1型：n = 44150, 2型：n = 7669），平均年龄分别为14.5岁和15.2岁。青少年1型糖尿病和2型糖尿病并发症的总患病率分别为：周围神经病变22.07% （95% CI: 16.86-27.75）和11.04% (95% CI: 2.73-23.45)，自主神经病变31.98% （95% CI: 11.13-57.44）和15.37% (95% CI: 3.09-34.29)，视网膜病变13.76% （95% CI: 6.43-23.24）和2.97% (95% CI: 0.00-10.33), 13.70% （95% CI: 10.25-17.54）和12.63% （95% CI: 12.63%）。7.99-18.07)，研究间具有高度异质性，糖尿病类型间无显著差异。荟萃回归分析显示，并发症患病率与HbA1c、糖尿病病程、血脂水平、队列年份或年龄之间无显著关联。结论/解释：微血管并发症影响至少十分之一的20岁前青少年糖尿病患者，1型和2型糖尿病患病率相似。鉴于高发病率和早发性，常规筛查和早期干预对于所有年轻糖尿病患者预防或限制血管损伤进展至关重要，无论糖尿病类型、血糖稳定性或疾病持续时间如何。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Pediatric Diabetes 医学-内分泌学与代谢

CiteScore

6.60

自引率

14.70%

发文量

141

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Pediatric Diabetes is a bi-monthly journal devoted to disseminating new knowledge relating to the epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, management, complications and prevention of diabetes in childhood and adolescence. The aim of the journal is to become the leading vehicle for international dissemination of research and practice relating to diabetes in youth. Papers are considered for publication based on the rigor of scientific approach, novelty, and importance for understanding mechanisms involved in the epidemiology and etiology of this disease, especially its molecular, biochemical and physiological aspects. Work relating to the clinical presentation, course, management and outcome of diabetes, including its physical and emotional sequelae, is considered. In vitro studies using animal or human tissues, whole animal and clinical studies in humans are also considered. The journal reviews full-length papers, preliminary communications with important new information, clinical reports, and reviews of major topics. Invited editorials, commentaries, and perspectives are a regular feature. The editors, based in the USA, Europe, and Australasia, maintain regular communications to assure rapid turnaround time of submitted manuscripts.