Identifying immunoglobulin abnormalities in the presence of variable polyclonal background

IF 1.7 4区医学 Q4 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

Journal of immunological methods Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-02 DOI:10.1016/j.jim.2025.114011

Jonathan D. Coker, Mindy C. Kohlhagen, Maria A.V. Willrich, David L. Murray

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Modern mass spectrometry-based methods for the isotyping and quantitation of monoclonal proteins (M-proteins) are now supplanting traditional gel-based methods such as serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP). The resultant improvement in resolution poses new signal processing challenges in the separation of M-protein from normal variations in polyclonal immunoglobulin background. We model normal variations in this background by means of a singular value decomposition and apply a coupled alternating-projection algorithm to separate normal and abnormal spectral components, both of which are variable. Ion simulation results guide our algorithm details and highlight limitations that can exist when testing M-proteins of high concentration. We show experimental quantitation results on clinical submitted sera with acceptable results. Finally, we outline enhancements to the fundamental method which have resulted in an enhanced analytical measuring range for clinical care of patients with plasma cell disorders.

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在可变多克隆背景下识别免疫球蛋白异常。

基于质谱的单克隆蛋白（m蛋白）等型和定量的现代方法正在取代传统的基于凝胶的方法，如血清蛋白电泳（SPEP）。在多克隆免疫球蛋白背景下，分辨率的提高对m蛋白与正常变异的分离提出了新的信号处理挑战。我们通过奇异值分解来模拟该背景下的正态变化，并应用耦合交替投影算法来分离正态和异常光谱分量，这两者都是可变的。离子模拟结果指导了我们的算法细节，并强调了在测试高浓度m蛋白时可能存在的局限性。我们展示了临床提交的血清的实验定量结果，结果可接受。最后，我们概述了对基本方法的改进，从而提高了对浆细胞疾病患者临床护理的分析测量范围。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of immunological methods 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

0.00%

发文量

120

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Immunological Methods is devoted to covering techniques for: (1) Quantitating and detecting antibodies and/or antigens. (2) Purifying immunoglobulins, lymphokines and other molecules of the immune system. (3) Isolating antigens and other substances important in immunological processes. (4) Labelling antigens and antibodies. (5) Localizing antigens and/or antibodies in tissues and cells. (6) Detecting, and fractionating immunocompetent cells. (7) Assaying for cellular immunity. (8) Documenting cell-cell interactions. (9) Initiating immunity and unresponsiveness. (10) Transplanting tissues. (11) Studying items closely related to immunity such as complement, reticuloendothelial system and others. (12) Molecular techniques for studying immune cells and their receptors. (13) Imaging of the immune system. (14) Methods for production or their fragments in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. In addition the journal will publish articles on novel methods for analysing the organization, structure and expression of genes for immunologically important molecules such as immunoglobulins, T cell receptors and accessory molecules involved in antigen recognition, processing and presentation. Submitted full length manuscripts should describe new methods of broad applicability to immunology and not simply the application of an established method to a particular substance - although papers describing such applications may be considered for publication as a short Technical Note. Review articles will also be published by the Journal of Immunological Methods. In general these manuscripts are by solicitation however anyone interested in submitting a review can contact the Reviews Editor and provide an outline of the proposed review.