Unlocking Healing Potential: Impact of Non-Surgical Therapy on Peri-Implant Crevicular Fluid Calprotectin Levels - A Clinical Insight.

Abstract

Biomarkers within peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) are emerging as pivotal diagnostic agents, promising heightened accuracy in identifying peri-implant diseases. The present study aimed to assess the impact of non-sur-gical therapy on PICF calprotectin levels in patients with peri-implantitis. A total of 40 individuals aged between 30 and 60 years were enrolled: Group I (n = 20 healthy peri-implant sites) and Group IIa (n = 20 peri-implantitis sites). Clinical parameters such as peri-implant probing depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded. PICF samples were collected and assayed for calprotectin using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). After clinical examination and PICF collection at baseline, mechanical debridement was done for peri-implantitis patients, and after 3 months, clinical examination and PICF collection was done (Group IIb). The results were statistically analyzed. The PICF calprotectin level was higher in Group IIa (43.76 ± 3.64 ng/mL) as compared with Group I (11.36 ±2.53 ng/mL). Between Groups IIa and IIb, there was a significant reduction in PPD, CAL, and calprotectin from baseline to 3 months (P < 0.05). Pearson correlation in Groups IIa and IIb revealed that the correlation between calprotectin and clinical parameters was strongly positive and statistically significant. The present study suggests that there was a significant reduction in PICF calprotectin levels among peri-implantitis patients after mechanical debridement. Also, there exists a positive correlation between PICF calprotectin and peri-implant health parameters.