BCAA Metabolic Dyshomeostasis in Cardiovascular Disease: Pathogenic Mechanisms and Intervention

IF 3.2 4区医学 Q2 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS

American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs Pub Date : 2025-11-05 DOI:10.1007/s40256-025-00775-4

Yun Yin, Huimin Li, Qingxun Hu, Dan Wu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), comprising leucine, isoleucine, and valine, are essential nutrients whose metabolic homeostasis is critical to cardiovascular health. This review synthesizes the dietary sources, physiological roles, and metabolic pathways of BCAAs, explores mechanisms driving their accumulation, and evaluates current detection techniques. We highlight the regulatory impact of BCAAs and their metabolites on cardiovascular disease (CVD) through multiple pathways. We propose a combinatorial strategy integrating dietary modulation, administration of BCAA-catabolizing enzymes (e.g., BT2, JK-1), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway modulation, and utilization of natural compounds (e.g., Salvia miltiorrhiza, Panax notoginseng) to counteract BCAA metabolic dysregulation-induced cardiovascular pathologies. This review provides a theoretical framework for understanding BCAA metabolism in CVD, emphasizes the importance of combined monitoring of BCAAs and their metabolites (branched-chain α-keto acids [BCKAs], 3-hydroxyisobutyrate [3-HIB]), and advances precision cardiology strategies targeting metabolic pathways.

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心血管疾病中的支链氨基酸代谢失衡：致病机制和干预措施。

支链氨基酸（BCAAs）包括亮氨酸、异亮氨酸和缬氨酸，是必需营养素，其代谢稳态对心血管健康至关重要。本文综述了支链氨基酸的膳食来源、生理作用和代谢途径，探讨了其积累的机制，并对现有的检测技术进行了评价。我们强调支链氨基酸及其代谢物通过多种途径对心血管疾病（CVD）的调节作用。我们提出了一种组合策略，将饮食调节、BCAA分解代谢酶（如BT2、JK-1）的管理、哺乳动物雷帕霉素（mTOR）途径调节和利用天然化合物（如丹参、三七）结合起来，以对抗BCAA代谢失调引起的心血管疾病。本综述为理解CVD中BCAA代谢提供了理论框架，强调了联合监测BCAAs及其代谢物（支链α-酮酸[BCKAs]， 3-羟基异丁酸[3-HIB]）的重要性，并提出了针对代谢途径的精确心脏病学策略。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs 医学-心血管系统

CiteScore

6.70

自引率

3.30%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Promoting rational therapy within the discipline of cardiology, the American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs covers all aspects of the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, particularly the place in therapy of newer and established agents. Via a program of reviews and original clinical research articles, the journal addresses major issues relating to treatment of these disorders, including the pharmacology, efficacy and adverse effects of the major classes of drugs; information on newly developed drugs and drug classes; the therapeutic implications of latest research into the aetiology of cardiovascular disorders; and the practical management of specific clinical situations. The American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs offers a range of additional enhanced features designed to increase the visibility, readership and educational value of the journal’s content. Each article is accompanied by a Key Points summary, giving a time-efficient overview of the content to a wide readership. Articles may be accompanied by plain language summaries to assist patients, caregivers and others in understanding important medical advances. The journal also provides the option to include various other types of enhanced features including slide sets, videos and animations. All enhanced features are peer reviewed to the same high standard as the article itself. Peer review is conducted using Editorial Manager®, supported by a database of international experts. This database is shared with other Adis journals.