Joint vehicle clustering and dynamic power allocation optimization in sectorized 6G networks for V2X communication

Abstract

Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication is essential for developing fully autonomous vehicles, but it raises significant challenges due to high data rate demands and energy consumption in dense networks. This paper proposes a novel joint optimization framework integrating vehicle clustering and power allocation in sectorized 6G networks with beamforming. The framework uses a k-medoids-based clustering algorithm and a dynamic power allocation scheme to reduce interference and minimize power consumption while meeting Service Level Agreement (SLA) requirements. Our results demonstrate that the proposed framework improves SLA compliance by up to $98.7\%$ under highly dense and variable traffic conditions compared to non-clustered networks. Furthermore, dynamic power allocation reduces communication power consumption by $69\%$, and Remote Radio Head (RRH) on/off switching decreases overall system power by $3.7\%$. This approach significantly enhances network capacity and energy efficiency, making it a promising solution for sustainable V2X communications in future autonomous vehicle networks.