Navigating the complexities of epigenetic dysregulation in breast cancer and its implication in therapeutic interventions: a comprehensive overview.

IF 3.7 2区生物学 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Pub Date : 2025-10-23 DOI:10.1007/s11010-025-05415-8

Swathy Ravindran, Ravindran Vini, Arumugam Rajavelu, Kuzhuvelil B Harikumar, Sreeharshan Sreeja

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Abstract

Breast cancer represents a multifaceted and heterogeneous condition characterized by both genetic and epigenetic alterations. Among these, epigenetic modifications-such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, and noncoding RNAs-play pivotal roles in tumor initiation, progression, therapeutic resistance, and immune evasion. These alterations contribute to dysregulation of estrogen signalling, endocrine therapy resistance, and metabolic rewiring, posing challenges for conventional treatment strategies. Notably, our previous findings reveal that 27-hydroxycholesterol, an endogenous selective estrogen modulator, can induce epigenetic changes in (ER)-positive breast cancer cells. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the landscape of epigenetic dysregulation in breast cancer, emphasizing its impact on disease progression and therapeutic resistance. It details the intricate interplay between epigenetic players and the tumor immune microenvironment, which plays a crucial role in shaping treatment responses. In addition, the review highlights the on-going clinical trials and suggests addressing the gaps present in dissecting pathways of epigenetic reprogramming in breast cancer evolution and therapy outcomes. Unraveling these mechanisms reinstates opportunities for potential therapies targeting epigenetic pathways along with the conventional medicine, which is required in transformation of clinical management of breast cancer and potential enhancement of the patient's lifespan.

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乳腺癌表观遗传失调的复杂性及其在治疗干预中的意义：全面概述。

乳腺癌是一种多面性和异质性的疾病，其特征是遗传和表观遗传改变。其中，表观遗传修饰——如DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰、染色质重塑和非编码rna——在肿瘤的发生、进展、治疗耐药性和免疫逃避中起着关键作用。这些改变导致雌激素信号失调、内分泌治疗抵抗和代谢重新布线，对传统治疗策略提出了挑战。值得注意的是，我们之前的研究结果表明，27-羟基胆固醇，一种内源性选择性雌激素调节剂，可以诱导（ER）阳性乳腺癌细胞的表观遗传变化。这篇综述提供了乳腺癌表观遗传失调的全面概述，强调其对疾病进展和治疗耐药性的影响。它详细介绍了表观遗传参与者和肿瘤免疫微环境之间复杂的相互作用，这在形成治疗反应中起着至关重要的作用。此外，该综述强调了正在进行的临床试验，并建议解决表观遗传重编程在乳腺癌演变和治疗结果中的解剖途径存在的空白。揭示这些机制为针对表观遗传途径的潜在疗法以及传统医学提供了机会，这是乳腺癌临床管理转变和潜在延长患者寿命所必需的。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 生物-细胞生物学

CiteScore

8.30

自引率

2.30%

发文量

293

审稿时长

1.7 months

期刊介绍： Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry: An International Journal for Chemical Biology in Health and Disease publishes original research papers and short communications in all areas of the biochemical sciences, emphasizing novel findings relevant to the biochemical basis of cellular function and disease processes, as well as the mechanics of action of hormones and chemical agents. Coverage includes membrane transport, receptor mechanism, immune response, secretory processes, and cytoskeletal function, as well as biochemical structure-function relationships in the cell. In addition to the reports of original research, the journal publishes state of the art reviews. Specific subjects covered by Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry include cellular metabolism, cellular pathophysiology, enzymology, ion transport, lipid biochemistry, membrane biochemistry, molecular biology, nuclear structure and function, and protein chemistry.