Insight and involuntary care.

Abstract

Impaired insight is a regularly documented clinical observation in patients undergoing involuntary care, but is easily misunderstood since it refers to different phenomena depending on the context. Within the context of psychotic illness, which comprises the majority of involuntary care, it is more accurately portrayed as unawareness of illness which intersects with the element of capacity related to the ability to appreciate information and weigh it up to make a judgement. Psychotic disorders associated with persistent unawareness of illness are negatively associated with illness outcome and attitudes towards clinical services. There is some evidence that metacognitive therapy can improve insight, but compassionate care which seeks to enhance therapeutic alliance more commonly engages such patients in successful recovery. When insight is substantially impaired, the apparent will and the stated preferences of patients often diverge, in which case involuntary care should not be considered "against the will," but more accurately "without the consent" of the patient.