Adsorptive elimination of fluoride ions from water: kinetic and thermodynamic assessment of Chara vulgaris biomass

IF 3 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Pub Date : 2025-10-20 DOI:10.1007/s10661-025-14718-8

Fuad Ameen, Dabeer Hussain Mir, Ashiwin Vadiveloo, Jameelah Alabdulatif, Ibrahim Arif

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Abstract

Fluoride ion contamination in drinking water poses a considerable environmental and health risk. Thus, novel sustainable and economic removal techniques are needed. This study examined the biosorption of fluoride ions from aqueous solutions utilizing the dead biomass of the green alga Chara vulgaris as an adsorbent. First, the biomass was studied for its structural and functional characteristics using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) techniques. The optimal conditions for the biosorption were studied experimentally. Dead Chara vulgaris biomass achieved fluoride removal efficiency of 91% under optimal conditions (pH 2, 35 °C, 0.4 g adsorbent dose, and 300 min contact time). The surface characteristics and functional groups of the algal biomass were assessed to enable effective fluoride adsorption via a spontaneous, exothermic mechanism. The examination of fluoride biosorption indicated that the process was best explained by a Langmuir model with a high fit (R² = 0.99). It shows that fluoride adheres to the surface in a monolayer. The kinetics of the process followed the pseudo-second-order model (R² = 0.98), with the internal movement of particles being of lesser significance. The findings indicate that dead Chara vulgaris biomass can be used as an efficient material for fluoride removal, making it highly beneficial for purifying natural water and treating industrial effluent.

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吸附消除水中氟离子：Chara vulgaris生物质的动力学和热力学评价

饮用水中的氟离子污染构成相当大的环境和健康风险。因此，需要新的可持续和经济的去除技术。本研究考察了利用绿藻Chara vulgaris的死生物量作为吸附剂对水溶液中氟离子的生物吸附。首先，利用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、x射线衍射（XRD）和brunauer - emmet - teller （BET）技术对生物质的结构和功能特征进行了研究。实验研究了生物吸附的最佳条件。在最佳条件下（pH 2, 35°C， 0.4 g吸附剂剂量，300 min接触时间），死Chara vulgaris生物质的除氟效率为91%。对藻类生物量的表面特征和官能团进行了评估，以通过自发放热机制有效地吸附氟化物。氟的生物吸附实验表明，Langmuir模型具有较高的拟合度（R2 = 0.99）。这表明氟化物以单层形式附着在表面。该过程的动力学服从伪二阶模型（R2 = 0.98），颗粒内部运动的影响较小。研究结果表明，枯草生物量可作为一种高效的除氟材料，对天然水的净化和工业废水的处理都有很大的好处。

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来源期刊

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

6.70%

发文量

1000

审稿时长

7.3 months

期刊介绍： Environmental Monitoring and Assessment emphasizes technical developments and data arising from environmental monitoring and assessment, the use of scientific principles in the design of monitoring systems at the local, regional and global scales, and the use of monitoring data in assessing the consequences of natural resource management actions and pollution risks to man and the environment.