Influence of europium concentration on the XEOL spectra of Eu-doped CaWO4 obtained via sonification

Abstract

X-ray photodynamic therapy (X-PDT) is a versatile treatment modality that combines the power of X-ray radiation with photosensitizers to induce localized cell death in cancerous tissues. In recent years, scheelite has emerged as a promising candidate for use in X-PDT because of its unique photoluminescent properties and biocompatibility. In this study, we investigated the influence of the concentration of europium on the XEOL spectra of Eu-doped CaWO₄ samples synthesized via sonification. The results show that the XEOL spectra of the synthesized samples exhibit distinct and characteristic emission bands closely associated with Eu³⁺ ions, suggesting the potential presence of Eu²⁺. These findings are important because they point toward the occurrence of ⁴F₆ transitions at specific wavelengths within the material. Furthermore, we observed that the intensity of these emission bands was not constant but varied significantly with the concentration of europium cations within the samples.

Graphical abstract