Muhammad Shaheer Bin Faheem, Faiza Ikram, Muhammad Saad Iqbal, Muhammad Owais Mazhar, Hurmat Fatima, Awais Akhtar, Uzair Irfan, Muhammad Omar Ashfaq, Ahmed Faraz, Raheel Ahmed
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Hypertensive renal disease impacts approximately 753 million individuals worldwide each year. This study evaluates trends in hypertensive renal disease mortality from 1999 to 2020 in the US, focusing on disparities related to gender, race, and urbanization by examining the Age-Adjusted Mortality Rate (AAMR) to inform targeted intervention and improve outcomes.
Methods: The CDC WONDER database analyzed hypertensive renal disease with renal-failure-related mortality from 1999 to 2020, calculating mortality rates and a 95 % confidence interval to assess national trends.
Results: Throughout the study period, males constantly exhibited a higher Age-Adjusted Mortality Rates (AAMR) for hypertensive renal disease with renal-failure-related mortality 148.92 (95 % CI: 148.37 - 149.48) than females 106.11 (95 % CI: 105.73 - 106.49). African American individuals exhibited the highest overall AAMR at 286.29 (95 % CI: 284.68 - 287.9), starting at 186.23 in 1999 (95 % CI: 179.34 - 193.13) and increasing to 529.72 in 2020 (APC: 5.27; 95 % CI: 520.77 - 538.67). From 1999 to 2020, AAMR rose in metropolitan areas from 197.57 (95 % CI: 187.88-207.26) to 1112.12 (APC: 10.00; 95 % CI: 1093.39-1130.85), and in non-metropolitan areas from 97.35 (95 % CI: 90.63-104.08) to 643.06 (APC: 11.81; 95 % CI: 627.76-658.37).AAMRs varied significantly by state, from 61.23 (95 % CI: 59.29-63.16) in Connecticut to 225.06 (95 % CI: 214.96-235.16) in the District of Columbia.
Conclusions: From 1999 to 2020, the mortality rate from hypertensive-related renal diseases rose uncertainly, with a sharp incline starting from 2013 to a sudden surge in 2020 due to COVID-19-related renal complications. Higher deaths were observed in males, African American ethnicity, and individuals living in non-metropolitan areas. Addressing these problems requires a multifactorial public health approach focusing on early detection, equitable care, and targeted intervention to reduce disease burden.
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