Association of Body Weight Changes Over 1 Year With the Incidence of Functional Disability and All-Cause Mortality in Older Adults: The Shizuoka Kokuho Database Study.
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objective: Body weight changes have been reported to increase mortality risk in older adults. However, the prognostic significance of short-term weight changes (during 1 year), particularly for functional disability, is unclear. We aimed to clarify the association between 1-year changes in body weight and the incidence of functional disability and all-cause mortality in older adults.
Design: Observational study.
Setting and participants: Longitudinal analysis of the prefecture-wide health and care insurance data, including annual health checkup data, including 117,927 Japanese adults aged ≥65 and ≤90 years who had undergone annual health checkups for 2 consecutive years.
Methods: Baseline clinical characteristics, including 1-year changes in body weight, were obtained from the health checkup data. Incidence of functional disability and all-cause mortality was obtained from the insurance data.
Results: There were 27,719 and 17,002 incident cases of functional disability and all-cause mortality during the mean follow-up periods of 7.3 and 8.0 years, respectively. We observed a U-shaped relationship between 1-year changes in body weight and both outcomes, with a weight loss of ≥2 kg or a weight gain of ≥3 kg showing a significant association. These associations were consistent for the younger (<75 years) and older age groups, regardless of the baseline body mass index. When underweight (body mass index <19 kg/m2), obesity (≥30 kg/m2), weight loss (≥2 kg), and weight gain (≥3 kg) were included in the same model, these factors were independently associated with both outcomes.
Conclusion and implications: A weight loss of ≥2 kg or weight gain of ≥3 kg during 1 year was significantly associated with the incidence of functional disability and all-cause mortality in older adults. Careful attention should be paid to unintentional changes in body weight in older adults even if the degree of body weight change is small.
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The journal provides essential information for various healthcare professionals such as medical directors, attending physicians, nurses, consultant pharmacists, geriatric psychiatrists, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, physical and occupational therapists, social workers, and others involved in providing, overseeing, and promoting quality
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