Liron Sinvani, Stephanie Izard, Alexandra Perrin, Yan Liu, Codruta Chiuzan, Stefani Slotnick, Rebecca Affoo, Nicole Rogus-Pulia, Alexander Makhnevich
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objectives: Patients with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) experience oral intake restriction. The objective of this study was to determine whether nil per os (NPO) and dysphagia diets (thickened liquids) are associated with delirium in patients with ADRD and whether dehydration mediates these relationships.
Design: Retrospective cohort study.
Setting and participants: Data were obtained from a large integrated health system in New York (11 hospitals) and included hospitalized older adults (aged ≥65 years) with ADRD admitted between 2017 and 2022 with clinical suspicion of dysphagia.
Methods: The main variables were NPO on admission (≥24 vs <24 hours; cohort 1) and prescription of thickened liquids (vs thin liquids; cohort 2). The primary outcome was new delirium developed 48 hours after admission. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the association between NPO time and new delirium while adjusting for all prespecified covariates of interest. The relationship between thickened liquids and new delirium was assessed similarly to NPO time.
Results: Of 11,933 patients, the average age ± SD was 85.8 ± 7.92 years. In a multivariable model of cohort 1, NPO (odds ratio [OR], 1.398; 95% CI, 1.273-1.536; P < .001) and dehydration (OR, 1.837; 95% CI, 1.678-2.012; P < .001) were associated with higher odds of new delirium. In a multivariable model of cohort 2, thickened liquids were associated with decreased odds of new delirium (OR 0.867; 95% CI: 0.796, 0.945; P = .001), whereas NPO (OR, 1.480; 95% CI, 1.340-1.634; P < .001) and dehydration (OR, 1.804; 95% CI, 1.634-1.991; P < .001) were associated with increased odds of new delirium. Dehydration did not mediate the relationship between restriction and new delirium.
Conclusions and implications: Limiting NPO and preventing dehydration could lower delirium risk and improve outcomes for patients with ADRD. Future research is needed to confirm these results.
期刊介绍：
JAMDA, the official journal of AMDA - The Society for Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medicine, is a leading peer-reviewed publication that offers practical information and research geared towards healthcare professionals in the post-acute and long-term care fields. It is also a valuable resource for policy-makers, organizational leaders, educators, and advocates.
The journal provides essential information for various healthcare professionals such as medical directors, attending physicians, nurses, consultant pharmacists, geriatric psychiatrists, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, physical and occupational therapists, social workers, and others involved in providing, overseeing, and promoting quality
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