Reframing Latent Tuberculosis Infection Screening and Treatment as a Primary Care Responsibility

Abstract

Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) affects an estimated 13 million people in the United States and poses a risk for progression to active disease. This article highlights the critical role of primary care providers in LTBI screening, diagnosis, and treatment. It outlines targeted testing recommendations, test interpretation, and evidence-based treatment regimens. Emphasis is placed on patient-centered decision-making, follow-up, and addressing barriers to care. Integrating LTBI management into primary care is essential to reduce tuberculosis transmission and advance national and global elimination goals.