Forces et défis des différents modèles de logement permanent avec soutien : perspective des organisations œuvrant dans le secteur au Québec.

Abstract

Objectives: Permanent supportive housing (PSH) is the preferred strategy for eradicating homelessness. This study seeks to outline the specificities of PSH in Montreal (Quebec, Canada), to compare the different models and highlight their respective strengths and challenges.

Method: Data was collected in 2023 through 31 organizations from eight governmental bodies or Quebec associations and 23 Montreal PSH resources. A sample of 42 managers and practitioners from the homelessness/housing sector participated by completing an interview and/or a questionnaire. The study used a mixed-methods approach integrating descriptive and content analyses.

Results: Community-based PSH was the most prevalent model, although half of the resources offered both community-based and private-sector PSH. A median of 70 residents received support, with only one-third of those being followed at least once a week. Common challenges were mainly linked to funding (e.g., quality affordable housing) or due to the complexity of providing follow-up to residents. Key distinctions were based on whether the housing was contracted in the private sector, and on whether support was available onsite. Challenges specific to private-sector PSH included relationships with landlords, the remoteness of follow-up sites, and resident isolation. Community-based and social PSH faced issues associated with adherence to house rules and resident stigmatization.

Conclusion: Findings indicate that increasing the number of resources, the intensity and diversity of support, and expanding relocation options would be beneficial to residents.