Topical Probiotic Therapy Reduces Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis: Preclinical Evaluation in a Rat Model

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology Pub Date : 2025-10-06 DOI:10.1111/fcp.70050

Buse Kose Demirezen, Eren Demirpolat, Arzu Yay, Ozge Cengiz Mat, Mustafa Ermis

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Abstract

Background

Oral mucositis (OM) is a debilitating complication of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, characterized by painful ulcerations and inflammation of the oral mucosa. Current treatments provide limited efficacy and often lack regenerative properties. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of topically administered probiotics in a rat model of OM.

Methods

OM was induced in Sprague–Dawley rats using 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and acetic acid. Rats were randomized into groups receiving topical formulations of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus reuteri, Bacillus clausii, Bacillus coagulans, Lactobacillus plantarum, sucralfate, triamcinolone, and control. Treatments were applied for 5 consecutive days. OM severity was assessed using macroscopic and histopathological scoring, fibrosis grading, and inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-10, PGE₂).

Results

L. acidophilus and L. reuteri significantly reduced macroscopic and histopathological OM scores compared to controls. L. acidophilus also demonstrated a notable reduction in fibrosis and PGE₂ levels (p < 0.05), suggesting anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic activity. B. clausii and B. coagulans showed moderate efficacy, while sucralfate and triamcinolone reduced mucosal inflammation but were less effective in tissue regeneration. No significant changes in IL-10 were observed across groups.

Conclusion

Topically applied probiotics, particularly L. acidophilus, exhibit significant therapeutic potential in attenuating chemotherapy-induced OM by modulating inflammation and promoting mucosal healing. These findings support further exploration of localized probiotic therapies as a novel, non-systemic approach to manage OM in clinical settings.

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

局部益生菌治疗减少化疗引起的口腔黏膜炎：大鼠模型的临床前评估。

背景：口腔黏膜炎（OM）是化疗和放疗的一种使人衰弱的并发症，其特征是口腔黏膜疼痛性溃疡和炎症。目前的治疗方法疗效有限，而且往往缺乏再生特性。本研究旨在评估局部给予益生菌对OM大鼠模型的治疗潜力。方法：用5-氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）和乙酸诱导sd大鼠OM。将大鼠随机分为两组，分别给予嗜酸乳杆菌、罗伊氏乳杆菌、克劳氏芽孢杆菌、凝固芽孢杆菌、植物乳杆菌、硫糖钠、曲安奈德和对照组。连续处理5 d。通过宏观和组织病理学评分、纤维化分级和炎症标志物（TNF-α、IL-10、PGE2）评估OM的严重程度。结果：与对照组相比，嗜酸乳杆菌和罗伊氏乳杆菌显著降低了宏观和组织病理学OM评分。结论：局部应用益生菌，特别是嗜酸乳杆菌，通过调节炎症和促进粘膜愈合，在减轻化疗诱导的OM方面表现出显著的治疗潜力。这些发现支持进一步探索局部益生菌疗法作为一种新的、非系统性的方法来管理临床环境中的OM。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology 医学-药学

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

6.90%

发文量

111

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology publishes reports describing important and novel developments in fundamental as well as clinical research relevant to drug therapy. Original articles, short communications and reviews are published on all aspects of experimental and clinical pharmacology including: Antimicrobial, Antiviral Agents Autonomic Pharmacology Cardiovascular Pharmacology Cellular Pharmacology Clinical Trials Endocrinopharmacology Gene Therapy Inflammation, Immunopharmacology Lipids, Atherosclerosis Liver and G-I Tract Pharmacology Metabolism, Pharmacokinetics Neuropharmacology Neuropsychopharmacology Oncopharmacology Pediatric Pharmacology Development Pharmacoeconomics Pharmacoepidemiology Pharmacogenetics, Pharmacogenomics Pharmacovigilance Pulmonary Pharmacology Receptors, Signal Transduction Renal Pharmacology Thrombosis and Hemostasis Toxicopharmacology Clinical research, including clinical studies and clinical trials, may cover disciplines such as pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, pharmacovigilance, pharmacoepidemiology, pharmacogenomics and pharmacoeconomics. Basic research articles from fields such as physiology and molecular biology which contribute to an understanding of drug therapy are also welcomed.