G. G. Kocharyan, A. A. Ostapchuk, G. A. Gridin, S. B. Kishkina, D. V. Pavlov
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引用次数: 0
Abstract—The heterogeneous structure of a future rupture surface plays an important role at all stages of the development of dynamic instability in the rock masses. The presence of inhomogeneities leads to the formation of stress concentration patches on large-scale irregularities (asperities) and relatively unloaded sections of the interface with radically different frictional properties. Interaction of such zones may produce a more complex effect than solely stress concentration. The published data of geodetic and seismological observations suggest that with certain structural configurations of the fault zone, various modes of fault movements may occur, from slow slip events to supershear rupture. The article presents the results of laboratory experiments on the displacement of meter-scale rock blocks whose contact interface contained zones of increased strength with velocity-weakening behavior. The laboratory results were compared with the effects observed in nature using a database containing rupture models for more than 150 earthquakes in different regions of the world was. A joint analysis of the results of laboratory experiments and seismological observations has shown that rupture develops by several scenarios determined by relative locations of asperity zones. Information about the locations of such zones required for numerical modeling of the deformation process in a specific crustal region can be derived from the results of satellite and seismological observations. In areas of preparation of relatively small earthquakes where geodetic observations are ineffective, the necessary information can be acquired from microseismicity observations.
期刊介绍：
Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth is an international peer reviewed journal that publishes results of original theoretical and experimental research in relevant areas of the physics of the Earth''s interior and applied geophysics. The journal welcomes manuscripts from all countries in the English or Russian language.
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