Diatom-driven activation of in-situ lunar resource utilization for space farming

Abstract

In this study, we demonstrate that diatoms, through their bioweathering process, can enhance the properties of lunar soil, thereby facilitating the cultivation of crops. Detailedly, diatoms can deconstruct lunar soil minerals to polish the sharp edge of the minerals and release nutrients, and aggregate lunar soil particles for water retention. In addition, diatoms possess a high degree of resilience to space conditions, with the capacity to consume carbon dioxide and release oxygen. Furthermore, they have been observed to utilize human waste as a source of sustenance, thus rendering them a promising candidate for the in situ modification of lunar soil. This study offers valuable insights into the potential for diatoms to contribute to future space habitation and exploration.