Harm reduction practises for users of psychedelic drugs: a scoping review.

IF 4 2区 社会学 Q1 SUBSTANCE ABUSE
Carissa Dutton, Emily North, Ylona Chun Tie, Jessica Oliva, Petra Skeffington
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Abstract

Psychedelic use in naturalistic settings in Australia is increasing. Although the risks and harms of psychedelics from a physical perspective are low, psychedelic drugs carry a unique psychological risk profile which is increased in uncontrolled settings. Harm reduction support services align with the Australian Government's Federal Drug strategy, which includes harm reduction as the third pillar in the overall harm minimisation approach to drug use for the period of 2017-2026. This study examined the harm reduction behaviours which users of psychedelics in naturalistic settings currently use, and any harm reduction interventions which have been developed for this population. A scoping review was undertaken using online databases, Psychinfo, Medline, CINAHL and Scopus. Articles were included if they explored or informed harm reduction practices for users of psychedelic drugs in naturalistic settings, which included articles that investigated motivations for psychedelic use. Twenty-seven papers were included, which contained only four intervention-based studies. Harm reduction or benefit enhancing strategies were categorised into three themes: before psychedelic use, during psychedelic experience and after the experience (integration). The review found that users of psychedelic drugs in naturalistic settings employ several different harm minimisation strategies, predominantly before and during use. Motivation for use, social setting and dosage amount were all found to influence the strategies used. There were a limited number of evaluated interventions for users of psychedelics in naturalistic settings, identifying the need for further research in this area. Challenges for harm reduction campaigns such as low uptake of drug checking services and low trust in government institutions were identified. Further research needs to consider the differing motivations of psychedelic users and recognise strategies that promote benefit enhancement and reduce risk.

减少致幻剂使用者危害的做法:范围审查。
在澳大利亚,在自然环境中使用迷幻药的人数正在增加。虽然从生理角度来看,致幻剂的风险和危害很低,但致幻剂具有独特的心理风险,在不受控制的环境中会增加。减少危害支持服务与澳大利亚政府的联邦药物战略保持一致,该战略将减少危害作为2017-2026年期间吸毒总体减少危害方法的第三个支柱。本研究调查了迷幻药使用者目前在自然环境中使用的减少危害行为,以及为这一人群开发的任何减少危害的干预措施。使用在线数据库Psychinfo、Medline、CINAHL和Scopus进行范围审查。在自然环境中探讨或告知致幻剂使用者减少危害做法的文章被列入,其中包括调查致幻剂使用动机的文章。纳入了27篇论文,其中仅包含4项基于干预的研究。减少危害或提高效益的策略分为三个主题:迷幻药使用前,迷幻体验期间和体验后(整合)。研究发现,在自然环境下使用致幻剂的人会采用几种不同的危害最小化策略,主要是在使用前和使用过程中。使用动机、社会环境和剂量均影响策略的使用。在自然环境中,对致幻剂使用者的评估干预措施数量有限,这表明需要在这一领域进行进一步研究。确定了减少危害运动面临的挑战,如药物检查服务使用率低和对政府机构信任度低。进一步的研究需要考虑致幻剂使用者的不同动机,并认识到促进益处增强和降低风险的策略。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Harm Reduction Journal
Harm Reduction Journal Medicine-Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
9.10%
发文量
126
审稿时长
26 weeks
期刊介绍: Harm Reduction Journal is an Open Access, peer-reviewed, online journal whose focus is on the prevalent patterns of psychoactive drug use, the public policies meant to control them, and the search for effective methods of reducing the adverse medical, public health, and social consequences associated with both drugs and drug policies. We define "harm reduction" as "policies and programs which aim to reduce the health, social, and economic costs of legal and illegal psychoactive drug use without necessarily reducing drug consumption". We are especially interested in studies of the evolving patterns of drug use around the world, their implications for the spread of HIV/AIDS and other blood-borne pathogens.
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