Performance assessment of 3D-printed scaled geocell-reinforced sandy soils under varying footing sizes

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Transportation Geotechnics Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI:10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101751

Ayhan Gurbuz , Kaan Yunkul , Sarper Demirdogen , Huseyin Kalkan

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The dimensions of footings play a critical role in determining their ultimate bearing capacity. However, no study in the literature has examined the effect of aspect ratio (AR) under geocell-reinforced conditions. Moreover, previous studies have typically employed fabricated geocells designed for field applications or geogrid-based geocells, in which the geometric dimensions and tensile properties were not appropriately scaled for laboratory model testing. To address these gaps, the present study pioneers the use of 3D-printing technology, which enables the precise simulation of both the geometric dimensions and tensile stiffness of geocells in accordance with established scaling principles, thereby advancing the understanding of geocell-reinforced footings with varying aspect ratios. This study comprises laboratory footing model tests that examines the performance of both unreinforced, scaled 3D-printed geocell-reinforced loose and dense sandy soils to assess the impact of varying aspect ratios of 1, 3 and 10 on the ultimate bearing capacity (q_ult) in terms of footing pressure (q)-settlement ratio (s/B) behavior, critical settlement ratio ((s/B)_cr), soil surface displacement (δ), improvement factor (I_f), reduction in settlement (RS) and the shape factor (S_γ) based on unit weight of soil. The results from tests on dense and loose sandy soils revealed that the maximum ultimate bearing capacity (q_ult) occurred at an aspect ratio (AR) of 1 for reinforced cases and AR of 3 for unreinforced cases while the minimum q_ult was consistently observed at AR of 10 across all tests. Similarly, the maximum S_γ was recorded at AR of 1 for reinforced tests and at AR of 3 for unreinforced tests for both loose and dense sandy soil. Moreover, S_γ also increased for both unreinforced and geocell-reinforced conditions as the internal friction angle increased. It was observed that soil surface displacement (δ) profile was found to influence by AR. Although a linear relationship between the If and RS was evident in the reinforced loose sand cases, this correlation was not observed in the dense sand tests.

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不同基础尺寸下3d打印缩放土工格室加筋砂土性能评价

基础的尺寸在决定其极限承载能力方面起着关键作用。然而，在文献中没有研究考察长宽比（AR）在土工格室增强条件下的影响。此外，之前的研究通常采用为现场应用而设计的预制土工单元或基于土工格栅的土工单元，其中几何尺寸和拉伸性能没有适当地按比例进行实验室模型测试。为了解决这些差距，本研究率先使用了3d打印技术，该技术可以根据既定的缩放原则精确模拟土工格室的几何尺寸和拉伸刚度，从而提高了对不同纵横比的土工格室加固基础的理解。本研究包括实验室基础模型试验，该试验检验了未加筋、缩放3d打印土工格室加筋松散和致密砂质土的性能，以评估不同宽高比1、3和10对地基压力（q)-沉降比（s/B）行为、临界沉降比（s/B）cr）、土壤表面位移（δ）、改善因子（If）、沉降减量（RS）和基于单位土重的形状因子（Sγ）。对致密和疏松砂质土的试验结果表明，加筋土的最大极限承载力（qult）发生在宽高比（AR）为1，未加筋土的宽高比（AR）为3时，而最小极限承载力在所有试验的宽高比（AR）为10时一致出现。同样，在疏松和致密砂土中，加筋试验的最大Sγ为1，未加筋试验的最大Sγ为3。此外，随着内摩擦角的增大，未加筋和加筋土工格室条件下的Sγ也增加。土壤表面位移（δ）剖面受AR的影响。在加筋土松散砂试验中，If与RS之间存在明显的线性关系，而在密砂试验中则没有这种相关性。

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来源期刊

Transportation Geotechnics Social Sciences-Transportation

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

11.30%

发文量

194

审稿时长

51 days

期刊介绍： Transportation Geotechnics is a journal dedicated to publishing high-quality, theoretical, and applied papers that cover all facets of geotechnics for transportation infrastructure such as roads, highways, railways, underground railways, airfields, and waterways. The journal places a special emphasis on case studies that present original work relevant to the sustainable construction of transportation infrastructure. The scope of topics it addresses includes the geotechnical properties of geomaterials for sustainable and rational design and construction, the behavior of compacted and stabilized geomaterials, the use of geosynthetics and reinforcement in constructed layers and interlayers, ground improvement and slope stability for transportation infrastructures, compaction technology and management, maintenance technology, the impact of climate, embankments for highways and high-speed trains, transition zones, dredging, underwater geotechnics for infrastructure purposes, and the modeling of multi-layered structures and supporting ground under dynamic and repeated loads.