Air-to-ground channel dataset via UAV-aided measurements in multiple scenarios

Abstract

Low-altitude communication networks are emerging to facilitate reliable connectivity for aerial platforms, where a deep understanding of the radio propagation channel is fundamental for the design and optimization of the communication systems. In this study, a self-developed air-to-ground (A2G) channel sounder is employed to conduct field measurements under three typical communication scenarios, i.e., sports field, farmland, and over-water. In each scenario, channel measurement data are collected at different flight heights of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), i.e., 10 m and 15 m. A dataset of measured channel impulse responses (CIRs) is constructed accordingly. Under each scenario, hundreds of CIR snapshots are recorded, where each CIR snapshot has a size of 1 × 200. Each CIR snapshot is also labeled with corresponding global positioning system (GPS) locations and time, where time represents the seconds elapsed since the start of the measurement. All data are stored in .xls format. Unlike most existing A2G channel measurement datasets that are limited to a single scenario or UAV altitude, our dataset simultaneously encompasses diverse scenarios and multiple flight heights at 3.6 GHz, which enhances its value for reproducibility and broad applicability in future channel modeling and system-level evaluations. The dataset is validated through on-site monitoring and repeated measurements when anomalies were detected, and its practical utility is demonstrated through the analysis of power delay profiles and path loss. This dataset provides a realistic representation of height-dependent A2G channel characteristics in diverse environments and reveals both the propagation delay and attenuation of multipath components, offering direct insights into the fundamental behavior of A2G propagation. The dataset also offers valuable references for system design and optimization of the A2G link of the low-altitude communication.