Aging of the human eye lens: Epigenetic landscape and therapeutic targets in age‑related cataracts (Review).

IF 5.8 3区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL
International journal of molecular medicine Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-03 DOI:10.3892/ijmm.2025.5657
Wenxin Yang, Yingying Zheng, Silong Chen, Jiarui Guo, Zicai Pan, Yibo Yu
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Age‑related cataracts (ARCs) are the predominant cause of blindness globally and are characterized by progressive opacification of the ocular lens. Although oxidative stress, ultraviolet radiation and metabolic dysfunction are well‑documented etiological factors, growing evidence implicates epigenetic dysregulation as a critical pathogenic mechanism in ARCs. Epigenetics refers to heritable changes in gene expression that occur without alterations to the underlying DNA sequence. The primary epigenetic alterations include non‑coding RNAs, DNA methylation, histone modifications, RNA modifications and chromatin remodelling. Epigenetic modifications dynamically regulate gene expression profiles in lens epithelial cells, modulating critical cellular processes such as proliferation, the oxidative stress response and DNA repair, all of which are essential for maintaining lens transparency. Epigenetic research offers novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying ARCs and may yield therapeutic strategies targeting dysregulated epigenetic pathways. The present review discusses current evidence on epigenetic mechanisms in ARC pathogenesis, delineating their roles in lens opacity development and highlighting potential targets for clinical intervention.

人眼晶状体的老化:年龄相关性白内障的表观遗传景观和治疗靶点(综述)。
年龄相关性白内障(arc)是全球致盲的主要原因,其特征是晶状体进行性混浊。虽然氧化应激、紫外线辐射和代谢功能障碍是有充分证据的致病因素,但越来越多的证据表明表观遗传失调是arc的关键致病机制。表观遗传学是指基因表达的可遗传变化,而不改变潜在的DNA序列。主要的表观遗传改变包括非编码RNA、DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰、RNA修饰和染色质重塑。表观遗传修饰动态调节晶状体上皮细胞的基因表达谱,调节关键的细胞过程,如增殖、氧化应激反应和DNA修复,所有这些都是维持晶状体透明度所必需的。表观遗传学研究为arc的分子机制提供了新的见解,并可能产生针对失调表观遗传途径的治疗策略。本文讨论了ARC发病机制中表观遗传机制的现有证据,描述了它们在晶状体混浊发展中的作用,并强调了临床干预的潜在目标。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
International journal of molecular medicine
International journal of molecular medicine 医学-医学:研究与实验
CiteScore
12.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
124
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The main aim of Spandidos Publications is to facilitate scientific communication in a clear, concise and objective manner, while striving to provide prompt publication of original works of high quality. The journals largely concentrate on molecular and experimental medicine, oncology, clinical and experimental cancer treatment and biomedical research. All journals published by Spandidos Publications Ltd. maintain the highest standards of quality, and the members of their Editorial Boards are world-renowned scientists.
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