Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Outcome Expectancies: The Roles of Self-Efficacy, Cognitive Reappraisal, and Expressive Suppression.

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Archives of Suicide Research Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI:10.1080/13811118.2025.2567931

Kassandra Hon, Mark E Boyes, Kirsty Hird, Penelope Hasking

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: According to the Cognitive Emotional Model of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI), this behavior is governed by a complex interplay of NSSI-related cognitions (i.e., a person's expected outcomes of self-injury and self-efficacy to resist NSSI) and emotion-regulatory strategies (i.e., cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression). To empirically test this proposition, the current study examined the moderating roles of self-efficacy to resist NSSI, cognitive reappraisal, and expressive suppression in the relationships between outcome expectancies and NSSI frequency among university students.

Method: 559 university students (M = 20.7 years, 74.2% female, 40.3% with a NSSI history) completed an online self-report questionnaire.

Results: Self-efficacy to resist NSSI was a strong protective factor by diminishing the strength of the associations between expectations of affect regulation, communication, and negative self-beliefs and NSSI frequency. The relationships between outcome expectancies and self-efficacy to resist NSSI in predicting self-injury were further contingent on a person's use of expressive suppression. Specifically, a tendency to use expressive suppression strengthened the risk associated with the relationship between affect-regulatory expectancies and self-efficacy to resist NSSI, b = 1.05 [.64, 1.46], t = 5.04, p < .001, and attenuated the protection conferred by the relationship between negative self-beliefs expectancies and self-efficacy, b = -.17 [-.34, -.00], t = -2.02, p = .04.

Conclusions: In collectively examining the cognitive-emotional correlates of NSSI, the current findings empirically support the Cognitive-Emotional Model of NSSI and highlight the potential utility of targeting outcome expectancies and self-efficacy to resist NSSI in prevention and intervention initiatives.

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非自杀性自我伤害与结果预期：自我效能感、认知重评和表达抑制的作用。

目的：根据非自杀性自伤认知情绪模型，自伤行为受自伤相关认知（即个体对自伤的预期结果和抵抗自伤的自我效能）和情绪调节策略（即认知重评和表达抑制）的复杂相互作用控制。为了实证检验这一命题，本研究考察了自我效能在大学生结果预期与自伤频率的关系中对抵抗自伤、认知重评和表达抑制的调节作用。方法：559名大学生（M = 20.7岁，女性74.2%，有自伤史40.3%）填写在线自述问卷。结果：抵抗自伤的自我效能是一个强大的保护因素，它削弱了情感调节、沟通和消极自我信念的期望与自伤频率之间的关联强度。结果预期和自我效能在预测自伤时抵抗自伤的关系进一步取决于一个人对表达抑制的使用。具体而言，使用表达抑制的倾向增强了情感调节期望和自我效能之间关系的抵抗自伤风险，b = 1.05[。]64,1.46], t = 5.04, p < .001，并减弱了消极自我信念期望与自我效能之间的关系所赋予的保护作用，b = - 0.17 [- 0.34, - 0.00], t = -2.02, p = .04。结论：通过对自伤的认知-情绪相关性的综合研究，目前的研究结果从经验上支持了自伤的认知-情绪模型，并强调了在预防和干预措施中，针对结果预期和自我效能来抵抗自伤的潜在效用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Archives of Suicide Research Multiple-

CiteScore

6.10

自引率

7.10%

发文量

期刊介绍： Archives of Suicide Research, the official journal of the International Academy of Suicide Research (IASR), is the international journal in the field of suicidology. The journal features original, refereed contributions on the study of suicide, suicidal behavior, its causes and effects, and techniques for prevention. The journal incorporates research-based and theoretical articles contributed by a diverse range of authors interested in investigating the biological, pharmacological, psychiatric, psychological, and sociological aspects of suicide.