Hybrid of Indolizine and Merocyanine-A New Class of Organelle-Specific Dyes.

IF 16.9
Jaqueline S A Badaro, Beata Koszarna, Maja Perkowska, Kristiana Kandere-Grzybowska, Diana V Kolygina, Olaf Morawski, Juhee Park, Bartosz Grzybowski, Irena Deperasińska, Daniel T Gryko
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Abstract

Unlocking the potential of electron-rich 2-hydroxyindolizines led to the discovery of a new class of dyes-indolizine-merocyanines (IndMer) and indolizine-cyanines. Tandem Friedel-Crafts alkylation followed by intramolecular nucleophilic aromatic substitution afforded structurally diverse dyes, as both the nucleophilic and electrophilic partners can be broadly modified. A convergent fragment coupling strategy allowed rapid access to these π-conjugated merocyanines in three steps from pyridines. Uniform distribution of the HOMO and LUMO combined with negligible change of dipole moment upon excitation is responsible for the intense orange or red emission of this new family of reasonably photostable dyes in a broad range of solvents. The new merocyanine dyes have the potential to target a variety of organelles-both uncharged and positively charged indolizine-merocyanines localize a subset of cellular lysosomes, positively charged indolizine-cyanine hybrid accumulates in mitochondria, while coumarin-merocyanine shows context-dependent localization to mitochondria and RNA-rich nucleoli of the living cells.

Abstract Image

吲哚嘧啶和merocyanine的杂化——一类新的细胞器特异性染料。
释放富电子的2-羟基吲哚嗪的潜力导致发现了一类新的染料-吲哚嗪-merocyanines (IndMer)和吲哚嗪-cyanines。串联Friedel-Crafts烷基化和分子内亲核芳香族取代使得染料结构多样化,因为亲核和亲电基团都可以被广泛修饰。聚合片段偶联策略允许从吡啶到π共轭merocyanine只需三步。HOMO和LUMO的均匀分布加上激发时偶极矩的变化可以忽略不计,是这种新型染料在各种溶剂中具有相当光稳定性的强烈橙色或红色发射的原因。新的merocyanine染料具有靶向多种细胞器的潜力-不带电和带正电的吲哚嘧啶-merocyanine定位于细胞溶酶体的一个子集,带正电的吲哚嘧啶-花青素杂交体在线粒体中积累,而香豆素-merocyanine则显示出对线粒体和活细胞富含rna的核仁的环境依赖定位。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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