Assessing the performance of local pharmaceutical systems: An analytical approach to improve access to medicine.

IF 1.5
The journal of medicine access Pub Date : 2025-09-27 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1177/27550834251371502
Maarten Olivier Kok, Relmbuss Biljers Fanda, Rik Ubbo Lubbers, Margo van Gurp, Raffaella Ravinetto, Ari Probandari
{"title":"Assessing the performance of local pharmaceutical systems: An analytical approach to improve access to medicine.","authors":"Maarten Olivier Kok, Relmbuss Biljers Fanda, Rik Ubbo Lubbers, Margo van Gurp, Raffaella Ravinetto, Ari Probandari","doi":"10.1177/27550834251371502","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Well-functioning pharmaceutical systems are crucial for ensuring universal access to medicines and their appropriate use. While existing frameworks for analysing pharmaceutical systems generally focus on the national level, in many countries, the core functions are often managed locally within a broader national framework. Despite this local focus, there has been no effort to conceptualize a 'local pharmaceutical system' as a distinct entity with its own goals, functions and operational components. A method for analysing and comparing the performance of local pharmaceutical systems (LOPHAS) within a country is still lacking. We aim to develop an analytical approach and framework to assess the performance of LOPHAS and guide improvements in access to essential medicines. We conducted an integrative literature review and consulted with purposively selected experts. We systematically searched for existing approaches for conceptualizing or assessing pharmaceutical systems and empirical studies in which these were applied and combined this with insights from 23 reviews and guidebooks suggested by experts to develop the LOPHAS approach and framework. We identified 13 existing frameworks and 16 studies that had applied these frameworks to analyse pharmaceutical systems. Building on these findings, we propose that a LOPHAS has six core functions: (1) local governance, (2) managing product supply, (3) financing, (4) developing human and physical resources, (5) appropriate dispensing and use of medicines and (6) monitoring performance. For each function, we defined operational components and indicators. The primary outcomes of a LOPHAS are access to medicine and appropriate use of medicine. The LOPHAS framework provides a practical tool for assessing and comparing the performance of LOPHAS. By identifying areas for improvement, it can guide policymakers, healthcare providers and local administrators in strengthening systems to ensure that essential medicines are accessible and used appropriately, supporting broader health goals.</p>","PeriodicalId":75087,"journal":{"name":"The journal of medicine access","volume":"9 ","pages":"27550834251371502"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12476502/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"The journal of medicine access","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27550834251371502","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Well-functioning pharmaceutical systems are crucial for ensuring universal access to medicines and their appropriate use. While existing frameworks for analysing pharmaceutical systems generally focus on the national level, in many countries, the core functions are often managed locally within a broader national framework. Despite this local focus, there has been no effort to conceptualize a 'local pharmaceutical system' as a distinct entity with its own goals, functions and operational components. A method for analysing and comparing the performance of local pharmaceutical systems (LOPHAS) within a country is still lacking. We aim to develop an analytical approach and framework to assess the performance of LOPHAS and guide improvements in access to essential medicines. We conducted an integrative literature review and consulted with purposively selected experts. We systematically searched for existing approaches for conceptualizing or assessing pharmaceutical systems and empirical studies in which these were applied and combined this with insights from 23 reviews and guidebooks suggested by experts to develop the LOPHAS approach and framework. We identified 13 existing frameworks and 16 studies that had applied these frameworks to analyse pharmaceutical systems. Building on these findings, we propose that a LOPHAS has six core functions: (1) local governance, (2) managing product supply, (3) financing, (4) developing human and physical resources, (5) appropriate dispensing and use of medicines and (6) monitoring performance. For each function, we defined operational components and indicators. The primary outcomes of a LOPHAS are access to medicine and appropriate use of medicine. The LOPHAS framework provides a practical tool for assessing and comparing the performance of LOPHAS. By identifying areas for improvement, it can guide policymakers, healthcare providers and local administrators in strengthening systems to ensure that essential medicines are accessible and used appropriately, supporting broader health goals.

评估地方制药系统的绩效:改善药品可及性的分析方法。
运转良好的制药系统对于确保普遍获得药品和适当使用至关重要。虽然分析药品系统的现有框架一般侧重于国家一级,但在许多国家,核心职能往往是在更广泛的国家框架内就地管理的。尽管以当地为重点,但没有努力将“当地制药系统”概念化为具有自己的目标、功能和操作组成部分的独特实体。目前仍然缺乏一种分析和比较一个国家内地方制药系统(LOPHAS)绩效的方法。我们的目标是制定一种分析方法和框架,以评估lopha的绩效,并指导改善基本药物的获取。我们进行了一项综合文献综述,并有目的地咨询了选定的专家。我们系统地搜索了用于概念化或评估药物系统的现有方法以及应用这些方法的实证研究,并将其与专家建议的23篇评论和指南中的见解相结合,以开发LOPHAS方法和框架。我们确定了13个现有框架和16个应用这些框架来分析制药系统的研究。基于这些发现,我们提出LOPHAS有六个核心功能:(1)地方治理,(2)管理产品供应,(3)融资,(4)开发人力和物力资源,(5)适当分配和使用药物,(6)监测绩效。对于每个功能,我们定义了操作组件和指标。lopha的主要结果是获得药物和适当使用药物。LOPHAS框架为评估和比较LOPHAS的性能提供了实用的工具。通过确定需要改进的领域,它可以指导决策者、卫生保健提供者和地方管理人员加强系统,确保基本药物的可及性和适当使用,从而支持更广泛的卫生目标。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
CiteScore
0.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信