The First Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequence of the Cyrtomium hemionitis Fern.

Abstract

Cyrtomium hemionitis is a Cyrtomium fern with potential medicinal value; however, the lack of chloroplast genome data for this species limits its utilization and exploitation. In this study, the Illumina NovoSeq 6000 platform and SPAdes v3.14.1 were used to sequence and assemble the chloroplast genome of C. hemionitis. The chloroplast genome was 151,295 bp in length and exhibited a typical circular, double-stranded, quadripartite plastome architecture, with a GC content of 42.43%. Additionally, it included 30 high-frequency codons, 26 of which ended with A or U. In total, we annotated 130 coding genes, which included 88 protein-coding genes, 8 rRNA genes, and 34 tRNA genes. The IR (inverted repeat) boundaries of the genus Cyrtomium differed from those of common plants, with differences discovered in the JLB (large single-copy, inverted repeat b) and JLA (large single-copy, inverted repeat a) boundaries in this genus. Additionally, the phylogeny of this genus showed that C. hemionitis was more closely related to C. falcatum, whereas Dryopteris crassirhizoma was closely related to the genus Cyrtomium. These findings have significant implications for future research and can serve as a reference for the molecular evolution, systematic development, and utilization of C. hemionitis.