Performance evaluation of sustainable adsorbents for heavy metal removal from municipal landfill leachate: batch analysis, kinetic models & error functions.

IF 3.8 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Environmental Geochemistry and Health Pub Date : 2025-09-28 DOI:10.1007/s10653-025-02767-4

Sunanda Sarkar, Swati Patil, Mahesh Endait

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

To address the high cost of high-performance treated adsorbents, this study investigates a sustainable, environmentally friendly removal method. This study investigates the efficacy of readily available, low-cost raw adsorbents-specifically biochar, Fly ash, and bagasse ash-for the removal of heavy metal ions (Cr, Cu, Fe & Zn) from municipal landfill leachate. The influence of pH, dosage, and contact time on adsorption efficiency was determined through batch experiments. To determine the best-fitting kinetic model (Pseudo-First-Order-PFO, or Pseudo-Second-Order-PSO, Webber & Morris Intraparticle diffusion or Elovich), four error functions- the sum of the square of the errors (ERRSQ), the hybrid fractional error function (HYBRID), average relative error deviation (ARE), and the sum of the absolute errors (EABS)- were calculated and subsequently normalized using the Set of Normalized Errors (SNE) method. The kinetic model with the lowest SNE value was found to provide the best statistical fit to the experimental data. Adsorption kinetics for biochar showed PFO for Cr, Cu, and Zn, and PSO for Fe. Fly ash followed PFO for Fe and Zn, and PSO for Cr and Cu. Bagasse ash kinetics showed PFO for Cr and PSO for Cu, Fe, and Zn. The maximum adsorption removal efficiencies for Cr, Cu, Fe, and Zn obtained were 82%,54%, 72% & 62% for biochar, 77%, 50%, 62%, 64% for Fly ash, and 87%, 42%, 79%, 72% for bagasse ash. These findings demonstrate that low-cost, waste-derived adsorbents can effectively remove heavy metals from complex solutions, such as landfill leachate, with high efficiency. This research not only provides a sustainable solution for wastewater treatment but also supports a circular economy by transforming agricultural and industrial waste into valuable resources for pollution control.

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城市垃圾渗滤液中可持续吸附剂去除重金属的性能评价：批分析、动力学模型和误差函数。

为了解决高性能处理吸附剂的高成本问题，本研究探讨了一种可持续、环保的去除方法。本研究考察了现成的、低成本的原料吸附剂——特别是生物炭、粉煤灰和甘蔗渣灰——去除城市垃圾渗滤液中重金属离子（Cr、Cu、Fe和Zn）的效果。通过批量实验确定了pH、投加量和接触时间对吸附效率的影响。为了确定最佳拟合的动力学模型（伪一阶pfo，或伪二阶pso， Webber & Morris粒子内扩散或Elovich），计算了四个误差函数-误差平方和（ERRSQ），混合分数误差函数（hybrid），平均相对误差偏差（ARE）和绝对误差和(EABS)-随后使用归一化误差集（SNE）方法进行了归一化。发现SNE值最低的动力学模型与实验数据的统计拟合效果最好。生物炭对Cr、Cu、Zn的吸附动力学表现为PFO，对Fe的吸附动力学表现为PSO。粉煤灰对Fe和Zn的富集程度仅次于PFO，对Cr和Cu的富集程度仅次于PSO。蔗渣灰动力学表现为Cr为PFO， Cu、Fe和Zn为PSO。生物炭对Cr、Cu、Fe、Zn的最大吸附去除率分别为82%、54%、72%、62%，粉煤灰对Cr、Cu、Fe、Zn的最大吸附去除率分别为77%、50%、62%、64%，甘蔗渣对Cr、Cu、Fe、Zn的最大吸附去除率分别为87%、42%、79%、72%。这些发现表明，低成本的废物来源吸附剂可以有效地从复杂的溶液（如垃圾填埋场渗滤液）中高效地去除重金属。这项研究不仅为废水处理提供了可持续的解决方案，而且还通过将农业和工业废物转化为污染控制的宝贵资源来支持循环经济。

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来源期刊

Environmental Geochemistry and Health 环境科学-工程：环境

CiteScore

8.00

自引率

4.80%

发文量

279

审稿时长

4.2 months

期刊介绍： Environmental Geochemistry and Health publishes original research papers and review papers across the broad field of environmental geochemistry. Environmental geochemistry and health establishes and explains links between the natural or disturbed chemical composition of the earth’s surface and the health of plants, animals and people. Beneficial elements regulate or promote enzymatic and hormonal activity whereas other elements may be toxic. Bedrock geochemistry controls the composition of soil and hence that of water and vegetation. Environmental issues, such as pollution, arising from the extraction and use of mineral resources, are discussed. The effects of contaminants introduced into the earth’s geochemical systems are examined. Geochemical surveys of soil, water and plants show how major and trace elements are distributed geographically. Associated epidemiological studies reveal the possibility of causal links between the natural or disturbed geochemical environment and disease. Experimental research illuminates the nature or consequences of natural or disturbed geochemical processes. The journal particularly welcomes novel research linking environmental geochemistry and health issues on such topics as: heavy metals (including mercury), persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and mixed chemicals emitted through human activities, such as uncontrolled recycling of electronic-waste; waste recycling; surface-atmospheric interaction processes (natural and anthropogenic emissions, vertical transport, deposition, and physical-chemical interaction) of gases and aerosols; phytoremediation/restoration of contaminated sites; food contamination and safety; environmental effects of medicines; effects and toxicity of mixed pollutants; speciation of heavy metals/metalloids; effects of mining; disturbed geochemistry from human behavior, natural or man-made hazards; particle and nanoparticle toxicology; risk and the vulnerability of populations, etc.